Chemistry EST Practice

Synthetic Polymers

Polymers made from artificial monomers derived from petrochemical sources; they are non-biodegradable and durable.

Biodegradable Polymer

Polymers that can be broken down by natural processes into smaller, non-toxic components, making them environmentally friendly.

Semi-synthetic polymers

Polymers derived from natural polymers that are chemically modified, often having varying degrees of biodegradability.

Biopolymers

Polymers derived from renewable biological sources, which are generally biodegradable and sustainable.

Greenhouse effect

The warming of Earth's atmosphere due to the absorption of solar radiation by greenhouse gases.

LDL (Low-Density Lipoproteins)

Transporters that carry cholesterol from the liver to other parts of the body; excessive LDL can lead to plaque buildup in arteries.

HDL (High-Density Lipoproteins)

Cholesterol molecules that transport excess cholesterol back to the liver for disposal, reducing cardiovascular risk.

Photochemical Smog

A mixture of primary and secondary pollutants formed in the presence of sunlight, including ozone and aldehydes.

Thermal Inversions

Situations in valleys where warm air traps dense, cool air below, preventing air pollution from dispersing.

Cracking hydrocarbons

The process of breaking longer hydrocarbon molecules into shorter ones to meet higher demand, such as gasoline.

Australasian Recycling Label (ARL)

Evidence-based system providing recycling instructions for packaging in Australia and New Zealand. Reduces confusion and waste by ensuring correct sorting.

Packaging Recyclability Evaluation Portal (PREP)

Assesses packaging components (materials, shape, size, etc.) to determine recyclability for the ARL.

ARL Symbols: Recyclable

Colored Recycling Symbol; Item can be placed in the recycling bin.

ARL Symbols: Conditionally Recyclable

Clear Recycling Symbol; Follow specific instructions; otherwise, dispose of in the rubbish bin.

ARL Symbols: Not Recyclable

Bin symbol; Item should go into the rubbish bin.

ARL Symbols: Check Locally

Geotag symbol; Recycling options vary by location; check local guidelines.