Evolution Test

What is evolution?

A change in species over time

Who proposed the theory of natural selection?

Charles Darwin

True or False: Evolution happens in individuals.

False

What is natural selection?

The process where organisms better adapted survive and reproduce

What is a mutation?

A change in DNA

True or False: Mutations are always harmful.

False

What is adaptation?

A trait that helps an organism survive

What is fitness in biology?

Ability to survive and reproduce

True or False: All organisms have equal chances of survival.

False

What is variation?

Differences among individuals

Which of the following is an example of variation?

Different beak sizes in birds

True or False: Natural selection requires variation.

True

What is a fossil?

Preserved remains of organisms

True or False: Fossils provide evidence for evolution.

True

What is homologous structure?

Structures with similar anatomy but different functions

Which is an example of homologous structures?

Human arm and whale fin

True or False: Analogous structures have same function but different structure.

True

What is an example of analogous structures?

Wings of birds and insects

What is speciation?

Formation of new species

True or False: Speciation occurs instantly.

False

What is geographic isolation?

Separation of populations by physical barriers

Which barrier could cause speciation?

Mountain range

True or False: Genetic drift is random change in populations.

True

What is genetic drift?

Random changes in allele frequency

What is gene flow?

Movement of genes between populations

True or False: Gene flow increases differences between populations.

False

What is a population?

Group of same species in one area

What is an allele?

A version of a gene

True or False: Evolution acts on populations, not individuals.

True

What is artificial selection?

Humans selecting traits

Example of artificial selection?

Dog breeding

True or False: Darwin studied finches.

True

Where did Darwin make observations?

Galápagos Islands

What is common ancestry?

Species share ancestors

True or False: Humans evolved from monkeys.

False

What is extinction?

When all members of a species die

True or False: Dinosaurs are extinct.

True

What is survival of the fittest?

Best adapted organisms survive

Which trait would help survival?

Camouflage

True or False: Evolution has a goal.

False

What is embryology evidence?

Similar embryos suggest common ancestry

What is molecular evidence?

DNA similarities

True or False: More DNA similarity means closer relation.

True

What is a vestigial structure?

Reduced unused structure

Example of vestigial structure?

Human appendix

True or False: Evolution can happen quickly.

True

What is antibiotic resistance?

Bacteria evolving to survive drugs

True or False: Bacteria can evolve rapidly.

True

What is overproduction?

More offspring than can survive

What is competition?

Struggle for resources

True or False: Environment affects natural selection.

True

What is adaptation result of?

Natural selection