Slide 2: Wounds and Bleeding Care

Types of Wounds

-Abrasion

– Laceration

– Puncture

– Incision

– Avulsion

– Amputation

Abrasions

• Top layer of skin removed

• Little or no blood loss

Lacerations

Cut with jagged, irregular edges

Incisions

• Smooth edges

• Bleeding depends on size and depth

Punctures

Deep, narrow

Avulsion

• Flap of skin torn loose

• Heavy bleeding

• Degloving

Amputations

Cutting or tearing off of body part

Types of Amputations

– Guillotine

– Crush

– Degloving (sometimes)

Guillotine Amputation

clean edge, minimal fracture to bone, easier for surgery 

Better outcome but much less common that they happen 

Crush Amputation

smashed or crushed then comes off 

Usually not recoverable 

Degloving

Taking off a distal phalanx

Cellulitis

infection is hard - tissue itself is solid - back infection need prescription antibiotics 

Tetanus

Caused by toxin-producing bacterium

Muscles tighten and contract to point of pain

When to seek medical care for tetanus

-Never immunized

– No tetanus booster in past 10 years

– Dirty, contaminated wound and no booster in past 5 years

How long after being infected can you still get the tetanus shock

72 hours

Dressing

applied over a wound to control bleeding and prevent contamination: Should be sterile or as clean as possible

Bandage

holds dressing in place

Blister

Fluid in a bubble under the outer layer of skin

Penetrating Gunshot Wound

entry only

Perforating Gunshot Wound

entry and exit points

Dressings should be

-Sterile

– Larger than the wound

– Thick, soft, and compressible

– Lint free

Types of Dressing

Gauze pads

Adhesive bandages

Trauma dressings

Types of Bandages

Roller bandages (gauze, elastic, cohesive)

Triangular bandage

Adhesive tape

Tourniquet

Device that is wrapped tightly around an extremity to stop blood flow

Amputation Care

Stop bleeding

treat for shock

Care for Avulsion

move the skin back to normal position

Cover with sterile or clean dressing and apply pressure

stop bleeding

Impaled Object care

Stabilize

If bleeding, apply direct pressure around base of object

call 911

Hot spot care

Relieve pressure: blister bandage or moleskin

Closed blister care

Protect (donut pad)

dont pop

Open blister

-Trim off dead skin

– Basic wound care

– Friction reduction

Gunshot Care

1. call 911

2. breathing?

3. expose wound

4. stop bleeding

5. treat shock

6. dont touch/ move

7. keep records

8. preserve evidence

9. report to police

Improvised Gauze should be

Clean

Absorbent

Soft

As free of lint as possible