Animal Feedstuffs and Nutrition Review

Flashcards covering the classification, chemical components, and laboratory analysis of animal feedstuffs and nutrients based on lecture materials.

Feedstuffs

Ingredients that are essentially bundles of nutrients; animals do not require specific ingredients but rather the nutrients within them.

GIT Form & Function

The study of digestion and absorption used to get consumed nutrients into the bloodstream based on animal class anatomy.

Intermediary Metabolism

Nutrient utilization occurring at the cell, tissue, and organ level once nutrients enter the bloodstream.

Forages

A class of feedstuffs, including dry or ensiled materials like alfalfa hay and corn silage, characterized by high fiber and low starch/sugars.

NFC Sources

Non-fibrous carbohydrate sources, such as cereal grains (corn, barley) and sugar sources (molasses, whey), which provide high starch and sugars.

CP Sources

Feedstuffs primarily utilized as protein sources, such as soybean meal and canola meal.

NFFS / HFBP

Non-forage fiber sources or high fiber byproducts, such as almond hulls, wheat middlings, and beet pulp.

Lipids

Fats including tallow, lard, vegetable oils, and rumen protected fats characterized by high triglyceride content and negligible fiber or starch.

CP

Crude Protein; a laboratory analysis used to determine the nitrogenous chemical constituents in feed.

NDF

Neutral Detergent Fiber; a measure of the fibrous content in feed used to characterize forages and byproducts.

NDFD

Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility; a laboratory estimate of how much fiber is available for the animal to digest.

NEL

Net Energy for Lactation; a measure of available energy in feedstuffs often expressed in units such as $Mcal/lb\,DM$.

RUP

Ruminally Undegradable Protein; the portion of crude protein that escapes degradation in the rumen, expressed as a percentage of total CP.

EE

Ether Extract; a laboratory measure used to determine the triglyceride or lipid content in a feedstuff.

Ash

The inorganic mineral content of a feedstuff determined through laboratory analysis.

DDGS

Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles; a byproduct of ethanol production used as a high-fiber, high-protein feed source.

ADF

Acid Detergent Fiber; a chemical fraction of fiber used to assess forage digestibility and energy content.

TDN

Total Digestible Nutrients; a value representing the sum of digestible protein, fiber, carbohydrates, and lipids in a feed.

Alfalfa Maturity Trend

As these legumes mature, neutral detergent fiber ($\%DM$) increases while crude protein and net energy ($Mcal\,NEl/kg\,DM$) decrease.