Periodic Table Elements: Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids, and Groups
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141 Terms
Carbon (C)
Non-metal
Magnesium (Mg)
Metal
Bismuth (Bi)
Metal
Sodium (Na)
Metal
Palladium (Pd)
Metal
Xenon (Xe)
Non-metal
Hydrogen (H)
Non-metal
Silicon (Si)
Metalloid
Einsteinium (Es)
Metal
Neon (Ne)
Non-metal
Oxygen (O)
Non-metal
Boron (B)
Metalloid
Representative Elements
Elements found in groups 1-2 and 13-18 that display a wide variety of properties.
Transition Metals
Elements found in groups 3-12 that are typically solid at room temperature, except for mercury.
Inner Transition Metals
Elements found beneath the periodic table, including the Lanthanide and Actinide series.
Metalloids
Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Alkali Metals
Group 1 elements, excluding hydrogen, that have one valence electron and are highly reactive.
Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2 elements that have two valence electrons and are reactive.
Halogens
Group 17 elements that have seven valence electrons and are highly reactive.
Noble Gases
Group 18 elements that have eight valence electrons and are non-reactive.
Valence Electrons
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical properties.
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.
Atomic Mass
The weighted average mass of an element's isotopes, typically expressed in atomic mass units (amu).
Periodic Table
A tabular arrangement of elements organized by increasing atomic number and grouped by similar properties.
Group
A vertical column in the periodic table where elements share similar chemical properties.
Period
A horizontal row in the periodic table that indicates the energy levels of the elements.
Ductility
The ability of a material to be stretched into a wire.
Brittleness
The tendency of a material to fracture or break easily under stress.
Soft Metals
Metals that can be easily cut or deformed, often found among alkali metals.
Chemical Properties
Characteristics of a substance that become evident during a chemical reaction.
Physical Properties
Characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing its chemical composition.
Reactivity
The tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reactions, either by itself or with other materials.
What are noble gases?
Noble gases are elements with eight valence electrons, making them the most stable and non-reactive. Their outermost energy level is full, preventing them from bonding with other elements.
What is the lanthanide series?
The lanthanide series consists of the 'rare-earth elements' found in period 6 of the periodic table, starting with Lanthanum (La) with atomic number 57.
What is the actinide series?
The actinide series includes all radioactive metals found in period 7 of the periodic table, starting with Actinium (Ac) with atomic number 89.
Who developed the first periodic table?
Dmitrii Mendeleev developed the first periodic table in 1871, arranging elements by increasing atomic mass and predicting the discovery of new elements.
What is the periodic law?
The periodic law states that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their physical and chemical properties exhibit periodic repetition.
What are periods and groups in the periodic table?
Periods are the horizontal rows in the periodic table, while groups are the vertical columns. Atomic number increases across a period.
What are metals?
Metals are elements located on the left side of the periodic staircase, characterized by being malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, and typically solid at room temperature.
What are nonmetals?
Nonmetals are elements located on the right side of the periodic staircase (except Hydrogen), known for being brittle, poor conductors, and having low luster. Most are gases at room temperature.
What are representative elements?
Representative elements are those found in groups 1, 2, and 13-18 of the periodic table, exhibiting a wide range of physical and chemical properties.
What are transition metals?
Transition metals are found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and colored compounds.
What are inner transition metals?
Inner transition metals include the lanthanides and actinides, which are located at the bottom of the periodic table and are characterized by their f-orbitals.
What is a metalloid?
Metalloids are elements that have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals, often exhibiting a mix of both characteristics.
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity and its position in the periodic table.
What is the significance of valence electrons?
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom that participate in chemical bonding, influencing the element's reactivity and bonding behavior.
What is the symbol for Hydrogen?
The symbol for Hydrogen is H.
What is the symbol for Helium?
The symbol for Helium is He.
What is the symbol for Lithium?
The symbol for Lithium is Li.
What is the symbol for Beryllium?
The symbol for Beryllium is Be.
What is the symbol for Sodium?
The symbol for Sodium is Na.
What is the symbol for Magnesium?
The symbol for Magnesium is Mg.
What is the symbol for Aluminum?
The symbol for Aluminum is Al.
What is the symbol for Silicon?
The symbol for Silicon is Si.
What is the symbol for Phosphorus?
The symbol for Phosphorus is P.
What is the symbol for Sulfur?
The symbol for Sulfur is S.
What is the symbol for Chlorine?
The symbol for Chlorine is Cl.
What is the symbol for Argon?
The symbol for Argon is Ar.
What is the symbol for Potassium?
The symbol for Potassium is K.
What is the symbol for Calcium?
The symbol for Calcium is Ca.
What is the symbol for Scandium?
The symbol for Scandium is Sc.
What is the symbol for Titanium?
The symbol for Titanium is Ti.
What is the symbol for Vanadium?
The symbol for Vanadium is V.
What is the symbol for Chromium?
The symbol for Chromium is Cr.
What is the symbol for Manganese?
The symbol for Manganese is Mn.
What is the symbol for Iron?
The symbol for Iron is Fe.
What is the symbol for Cobalt?
The symbol for Cobalt is Co.
What is the symbol for Nickel?
The symbol for Nickel is Ni.
What is the symbol for Copper?
The symbol for Copper is Cu.
What is the symbol for Zinc?
The symbol for Zinc is Zn.
What is the symbol for Gallium?
The symbol for Gallium is Ga.
What is the symbol for Germanium?
The symbol for Germanium is Ge.
What is the symbol for Arsenic?
The symbol for Arsenic is As.
What is the symbol for Selenium?
The symbol for Selenium is Se.
What is the symbol for Bromine?
The symbol for Bromine is Br.
What is the symbol for Krypton?
The symbol for Krypton is Kr.
What is the symbol for Rubidium?
The symbol for Rubidium is Rb.
What is the symbol for Strontium?
The symbol for Strontium is Sr.
What is the symbol for Yttrium?
The symbol for Yttrium is Y.
What is the symbol for Zirconium?
The symbol for Zirconium is Zr.
What is the symbol for Niobium?
The symbol for Niobium is Nb.
What is the symbol for Molybdenum?
The symbol for Molybdenum is Mo.
What is the symbol for Technetium?
The symbol for Technetium is Tc.
What is the symbol for Ruthenium?
The symbol for Ruthenium is Ru.
What is the symbol for Rhodium?
The symbol for Rhodium is Rh.
What is the symbol for Palladium?
The symbol for Palladium is Pd.
What is the symbol for Silver?
The symbol for Silver is Ag.
What is the symbol for Cadmium?
The symbol for Cadmium is Cd.
What is the symbol for Indium?
The symbol for Indium is In.
What is the symbol for Tin?
The symbol for Tin is Sn.
What is the symbol for Antimony?
The symbol for Antimony is Sb.
What is the symbol for Tellurium?
The symbol for Tellurium is Te.
What is the symbol for Iodine?
The symbol for Iodine is I.
What is the symbol for Xenon?
The symbol for Xenon is Xe.
What is the symbol for Cesium?
The symbol for Cesium is Cs.
What is the symbol for Barium?
The symbol for Barium is Ba.
What is the symbol for Lanthanum?
The symbol for Lanthanum is La.
What is the symbol for Cerium?
The symbol for Cerium is Ce.
What is the symbol for Praseodymium?
The symbol for Praseodymium is Pr.
What is the symbol for Neodymium?
The symbol for Neodymium is Nd.