anatomy: male reproductive system

Genital Organs/Genital

reproductive organs are also known as __

Gonads

in both sexes, consist of the __ which produce male and female germ cells

Spermatozoa

male germ cells

Ova

female germ cells

Ducts

they transport the germ cells

Male

accessory organs are found only in __

Scrotum

Testes

Epididymis

Deferent Ducts

Spermatic Cord

Prostate Gland

Penis

Urethra

male reproductive organs

Scrotum

• Pouch of skin where the testes are located.

• It is located at the inguinal region.

• Pigmented and covered with fine hairs.

Scrotal Septum

scrotum divides by __

Skin

Tunica Dartos

Spermatic Fascia

Cremaster Muscle

layers of scrotum

Skin

usually hairless layer of scrotum

Tunica Dartos

fibromuscular subcutaneous layer

Cremaster Muscle

a detachment of the internal abdominal oblique muscle

Testes

• Male gonad • P •

• Contained in the scrotum

Testosterone and Spermatogonia

testes produce __

Gubernaculum

descent of testes

Tunica Albuginea

Mediastinum Testis

Lobules

connective tissue component of testis

Tunica Albuginea

the strong, white fibrous capsule enveloping the testes

Mediastinum testis

the cord of fibrous tissue running through the middle of the testicle, containing the rete testis.

Lobules

units of testicles which contains few seminiferous tubules. Separated by septa

Seminiferous Tubules

Rete Testis

Efferent Ducts

Epididymis

parenchyma of the testis

Seminiferous Tubules

hollow structures in which male germ cells differentiate to spermatozoa.

Convoluted Seminiferous Tubules

Straight Seminiferous Tubules

2 major part of seminiferous tubules

Convoluted Seminiferous Tubules

where sperm production occurs

Straight Seminiferous Tubules

short, straight part are near the mediastinum, and they do not produce sperm.

Rete Testis

network of irregular, interconnecting channels continuing as the straight seminiferous tubules through the mediastinum to the efferent duct.

Efferent Ducts

• 8 – 15 channels leading into the head of the epididymis

• They unite to form the epididymis

Epididymis

the structure adjacent to the testes.

Head

Body

Tail

parts of epididymis

Head of Epididymis

consist of efferent ducts

Body of Epididymis

central part, consists of highly coiled epididymal duct connecting the head and the tail

Tail of Epididymis

the bulbous end, continues on as the ductus deferens

Proper Ligament of the Testis

Ligament of the Tail of Epididymis and Scrotal Ligament

ligaments associated w/ the testis and epididymis

Proper Ligament of the Testis

connects the tail of the epididymis to the ventral extremity of the testis

Ligament of the Tail of Epididymis and Scrotal Ligament

connects the tail of the epididymis to the tunica vagina parietalis

Deferent Ducts

direct continuation epididymal duct

Fertile Sperm

spermatozoa mature in the head and body of the epididymis and are transferred to the deferent duct as __

Deferent Duct

Testicular Artery

Testicular Vein

‘Nerves

Lymph Vessels

spermatic cord

Vaginal Tunic

double wall of serous membrane (visceral and parietal) around the spermatic cord and testicle in the male and the round ligament of the uterus in female.

Parietal Vaginal Tunic

• continuation of the abdominal parietal peritoneum through the inguinal canal

• It surrounds the visceral vaginal tunic-covered spermatic cord and testicle

Vaginal Cavity

• the potential space between the two vaginal tunic layers

• It is continuous with the peritoneal cavity at the vaginal ring

Vaginal Ring

the crescent-shaped opening located on the abdominal side of the deep inguinal ring.

Pampiniform Plexus

coils of testicular veins around testicular artery, making the bulk of the spermatic cord.

Accessory Sex Glands

• Glands associated with the urethra that add liquid portion to the ejaculate.

• It provide 95- 98% of total ejaculate volume.

Prostate Gland

• Completely envelops the proximal portion of the male pelvic urethra at the neck of the bladder.

• the only accessory sex gland present in the male dog

Penis

• Copulatory organ of male, extending from the ischiatic arch cranially between the thighs.

• It provides a passageway for semen and urine to the outside of the body, thus part of both urinary and reproductive system.

Two Crura

penis originates as __ that converge to form the root of the penis, which continues as the body of the penis to the glans of the penis.

Musculocavernous

The penis of dog is __ type

Musculocavernous Penis

Fibroelastic Penis

penis can be classified as either:

Musculocavernous Penis

characteristic of carnivores and horse’s penis

Low Connective Tissue

the __ causes them to be flaccid when not erect

Erectile Tissue

erection is accompanied by engorgement of __ with blood, increasing the length and the diameter, while stiffening it

Fibroelastic Penis

characteristic of ruminant and boar’s penis

Large Connective Tissue

__ content cause them to be firm even when not erect.

Sigmoid Flexure

erection is characterized greatly by the straightening of the __ and stiffening from engorgement of blood, without an increase in diameter

Corpus Cavernosa

Corpus Spongiosum

cylindrical chamber of erectile tissue

Corpus Cavernosa

• paired, blood filled

• made up the dorsal column of the penis

Corpus Spongiosum

• unpaired spongy body

• provides the ventral column

• more delicate with larger blood spaces.

Prepuce

cutaneous sheath around the free part of the penis in the non-erect state

Inner Lamina of Prepuce

is continuous with the skin over the glans penis

Outer Lamina of Prepuce

continuous with the skin on the abdomen

Preputial Orifice

__ is the opening of the prepuce to the outside

Baculum

other name for Os Penis

Os Penis

• is found on the penises of carnivores.

• its ventral surface is grooved for the urethra

Prospector’s Toothpick

the os penis of coyotes is sometimes called __

Bulbus Glandis

part of the glans penis surrounding the proximal os penis.

Tie/Coital Lock

Together with the bitch’s vestibular bulb, it is responsible for the __ in dogs