VETS385 Arthopods

What are the two classes of arthopods?

Insects and Arachnids

What is special about reproducive characteriscs of Arthopods?

Theyre dioecious (sexually reproductive)

What species are in the Insects class of Arthropods?

Flies, Fleas, Lice, Mosquitos

What species are in the Arachnidds class of Arthopods

Ticks, Mites

What life cycle is this?

Simple (incomplete)

What life cycle is this?

Complex (complete)

Do Arachnids have segmented or unsegmented bodies?

Unsegmented

How many legs do Arachnid larvae have?

6

How many stages do incomplete metamorphisis have?

3

How many stages do complete metamorphisis have?

4

How many legs do Nymph and Adult Arachnids have?

8 legs

What are setae structures on Archnids?

Hair like structures that have sensory functions

What are Pedipalp structures on Archnids?

Sensory/feeding appendages

What word means infestation with mites or ticks?

Ascariasis

How long does a mite life cycle take?

12-21 days

How long does a tick life cycle take?

2-3 years

What is the first development stage of Arthropods?

Egg

Sarcoptidae mites - burrow or not burrow?

Burrowing

Psoropitodae - burrowing or non burrowing?

Non burrowing

Non sarcoptiform (demodex) - burrowing or non burrowing

burrowing

Non sarcoptiform (Trombicula) - burrowing or non burrowing

Non burrowing

Fur mites- burrowing or non burrowing

Non burrowing

Is this mite a burrowing or non burrowing mite?

Burrowing

Is this mite a burrowing or non burrowing mite?

Non burrowing

How can pedicels help you identify?

Different morphological features

What Arthropods go through Simple (incomplete metamorphisis)

Mites, Ticks, Lice

What Arthropods go through Complex (incomplete metamorphisis)

Fleas, Flies

Tick anatomy: What is the name for a ticks head?

Capitulum

Tick anatomy: What is the name for two cutting, or lacerating organs?

Hypostome

Tick anatomy: What is the name for Two leg like, accessory appendages that act as sensors or supports when ticks fasten to the hosts body?

Pedipalps

Tick anatomy: What is the name for the Hard Chitinous plate partially or entirely covering the ticks body?

Scutum

Tick anatomy: What does an Ornate scutum look like?

Distinctive white patterns on the scutum

Tick anatomy: What does an inornate scutum look like?

Solid colored and unpatterned

What is the area of anatomy in the top right?

Capitulum

What is the area of anatomy in the bottom right?

Scutum

What is the area of anatomy in the bottom left?

Festoons

Ticks: Because ticks are Substantial blood feeders they can cause

Anemia

Ticks: Ticks are capable of transmitting..

Many parasitic, bacterial, viral, pathogenic diseases between animals/humans

What do the salivary secretions of female ticks cause in some cases?

Tick paralysis

What are some common tick borne dieases?

Lyme disease, Anaplasmosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Babesiosis

Ticks: Tranmission route?

Direct contact with infested environment/vegetation: attached to host for feeding.

What Mite has a larvae stage that is the only stage that parasities animals and humans?

Trombicula spp

What tick only has parasitic larvae and nymphys and free living adults?

Otobius mengini

What are three products for Tick prevention?

Frontline, Frontline plus, Advantix

What are 3 other steps for Tick prevention?

Year round tick control, Inspect animal every time they go outside, Limit exposure to ticks

What are a few blood and serum tests to diagnose tick borne diseases?

IDEXX SNAP 4Dx, Molecular test (PCR testing), ELIZA

Ticks: Which test detects antigens or antiobodies?

Immunofluorescent Assay

Ticks: Which test detects imminoglobulins?

Microimmunofluorescence Assay

What kind of treatment would you use for Tick spread pathogens?

Broad spectrum antibiotics (typically doxycycline)

What dpes Siphonapterosis mean?

Flea infestation

What are three morphological characteristics of Fleas?

Macroscopic, Segmented body, Wingless, Laterally compressed, Complete metamorphosis, Flea dirt

Flea; What stage does this describe?

– Very small, smooth, white, oval  
– Not sticky → fall off host and are found in the environment 
– Hatch into larvae within 2 weeks

Egg stage

Flea; What stage does this describe?

– Maggot-like appearance, sparsely covered in hairs 
– Eat dead skin/hair, flea feces from the environment 
–Forms a cocoon as it passes into the pupal stage

Larval stage

Flea: What stage does this describe?

– carried out entirelty within the cocoon  
– Very sticky → found in the host’s environment (bedding, etc.) 
– Can last for months 
– Emerges only if environmental (air pressure, vibrations, warmth) signs indicate a host is present

Pupal stage

What stage does this describe?

– Finds a host, take a blood meal, and begin the life cycle again 
– Survive up to 1 week without a blood meal 
– females can lay up to serval thousands of eggs 

Adult stage

Whose life cycle is this?

Fleas

What are the three different areas included in flea prevention?

Yard, House, Animal

Fleas: What stage is carried out entirely in cacoon?

Pupal stage

What is the most common flea of dogs and cats?

Ctenocephalides felis 

What are the preffered conditions for fleas?

Warm and moist

What is the biggest damage of fleas?

Annoyance, Anemia

What disease do fleas cause most commonly?

Flea allergy dermititis

What are fleas vectors for?

Bartonella, Bubonic plague, IH for Dipylidium caninum

How would you diagnose fleas?

Flea combs and white paper towel, look for ‘flea dirt’

What is the major source of intial infection of fleas?

The yard

What is the major source of animal reinfection of fleas?

The house

What is the ONLY oral treatment for fleas?

Capstar

What are three methods of preventing fleas?

Chewable, injectable, collar

What are 3 morphological features of lice?

Macroscopic, Body segmented, Wingless, Dorsoventrally flattened, 2 orders: Mallophaga, Anoplura

What does Pediculosis mean?

Lice infestation

Lice: is Mallophaga chewing or sucking

Chewing

Lice: Is anoplura sucking or chewing?

Sucking

Lice: Is this Mallophaga or Anoplura?

Mallophaga

Lice: Is this Mallophaga or Anoplura?

Anoplura

Do Mallophaga infect small or large animals or both?

Both

Do Anoplura infect small or large animals or both?

Large

Do lice have simple or complex metamorphisis?

Simple

What anthropod is this life cycle for?

Lice

Which stage of lice has a reprodtive stage?

Adult

If nyph or adult sage lice are removed from host they will die in __ days

7

How are lice transmited?

Direct contact or formites

What is the habitat for lice?

Fur or feathers

What damage can lice cause?

Ithcy, dermiisi, anemia

How can you detect lice in a patient?

Careful examination

How can you treat lice?

Most flea products work

What anthropod speacies is this?

Lice

What kind of life cycle do flies have?

Complex

Flies: What are the two Myiasis?

Obligatory, Falcultative

Flies: where can larvae live?

Environment or SQ or internal organs

Flies: What is Myiasis?

Parasitic infestation of the SQ tissue of the hosts skin by the fly larvae

Flies: What are the laval stage of flies commonly called?

Maggots, Grubs, Bots

Flies: What is the only stage that eats?

Larvae stage

Flies: What does the fly rely on for nutrients?

Food stored during larval stage

What anthropod’s larvae is this?

Flies

What are these bumps under the skin cause in fections of fly larvae called?

Warbles

What can flies that dont feed on blood feed on?

Mucus, tears, saliva

Flies: where do the culex (mosquitos) species lie their eggs?

Water

Flies: What can the culex species transmit?

Bacteria, Viruses, Chlamydia, protozoans

Flies: What Culex feeds on a host?

The adult female

Flies: where do Stomoxys ( Stable flies) infect the host

Limbs, underbelly, ear tups