Roman Republic & Empire

Dictator 

Temporary ruler with absolute power during emergencies

Augustus

First Roman emperor; established the Roman Empire

Cassius

Leader who helped assassinate Julius Caesar

Brutus

Caesar’s friend who joined the assassination

Cincinnatus

Roman leader who gave up power after saving Rome

Trajan 

Emperor during Rome’s greatest territorial expansion

Marcus Crassus

Wealthy Roman; part of First Triumvirate

Julius Caesar

General who became a dictator; assassinated

Scipio Africanus

General who defeated Hannibal

Nero

Emperor known for cruelty and misrule

Caligula

Unstable emperor known for excess and cruelty

Tiberius

Second Roman emperor after Augustus

Praetorian Guard

 Elite soldiers who protected (and influenced) emperors

Marcus Aurelius

Philosopher emperor; wrote Meditations

Hadrian

Emperor who built Hadrian’s Wall

Nerva

First of the “Five Good Emperors.”