Interventions in management of dental fluorosis: A systematic review

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers definitions, biological mechanisms, diagnostic indices, and clinical interventions for dental fluorosis as discussed in the systematic review.

Dental fluorosis

An endemic health condition characterized by developmental disturbances of enamel due to excessive exposure to fluoride, commonly affecting pediatric patients.

Ameloblast

The enamel-forming cell that is negatively affected by high concentrations of fluoride during enamel formation and mineralization.

Proteinases

Enzymes that degrade matrix proteins during the maturation phase; their inhibition by fluoride leads to delayed protein degradation and impaired crystal growth.

Primary prevention intake level

The recommended daily intake of fluoride to prevent fluorosis is $0.05 \text{ to } 0.07 \text{ mg F/Kg/day}$.

Skeletal fluorosis threshold

A condition that can occur if the fluoride concentration in water is in the range of $4 \text{ to } 10 \text{ mg/L}$.

Incremental lines of von Ebner

Histopathological features in the dentin of permanent teeth that become accentuated in cases of dental fluorosis.

Dean’s Index

A classification system introduced in 1934 to categorize fluorosis severity, ranging from questionable (white flecking) to severe (pitting and brownish staining).

Optimum water fluoride level

The level suggested by Dean and McKay as less than $0.9 \text{ to } 1.0 \text{ PPM}$.

Microabrasion

A treatment method for removal of stains using acidic and abrasive compounds such as 18 \text{ % } HCl with pumice or 37 \text{ % } \text{phosphoric acid}.

Resin infiltration

A conservative technique using 15 \text{ % } HCl \text{ gel}, an ethanol drying agent, and resin to mask fluorosis stains and arrest caries.

Opalustre

A microabrasion compound that, according to clinical trials by Loguercio et al., showed a significantly higher rating for improvement in appearance compared to PREMA.

Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP)

A measure used to determine the improvement in esthetics and quality of life regarding daily activities like eating, smiling, and emotional state.

Quantitative light-induced fluorescence

A diagnostic technology introduced to quantify enamel loss and assist in the diagnosis of dental fluorosis.

Snow-capped appearance

A clinical characteristic of dental fluorosis found on cusp tips and incisal edges, typically occurring where enamel is thicker.

McInnes bleaching

A bleaching solution consisting of 36 \text{ % } HCl, 30 \text{ % } H_2O_2, and diethyl ether used in some randomized controlled trials.