Biology Quiz

The organs of a plant are the ________, the stem and the ________.

Leaves, Roots

Growth occurs from both the _______tip and and the _____tip.

Shoot, Root

The _________ consists of the stem, the leaves and the flowers which carry out sexual reproduction, while the ________ simply consists of the roots.

Shoot System, Root System

Activity at the _________, the bud at the tip of a main shoot or a branch shoot, causes the shoot to increase in length, while activity at the tip of the root causes the root system to increas in lenth.

Terminal Bud

__________are usually the chief organs of photosynthesis.

Leaves

________ plants lose their leaves, often due to a yearly dry season or due to the onset of winter.

Deciduous

Other trees, called _________, retain their leaves for the entire year.

Evergreen

A _________ supports the leaves, transport materials between the roots and leaves and produces new tissue.

Stem

Lateral (side)branches grow from a ____________, also called an axillary bud, located at the angle where a leaf join the stem.

Lateral Bud

A _______ occurs where a leaf or leaves are attached to the stem.

Node

An ___________ is the region between the nodes.

Internode

______________ are able to regrow each season from varied underground structures, such as tubers, bulbs, and rhizomes, all of which bear nodes that can produce a new shoot system

Perennial Plants

In a special zone near the root tip, there are many _________ that greatly increase the absorptive capacity of the root.

Root Hairs

A carrot plant has one main __________, which stores the product of photosynthesis.

Taproot

Grass has fibrous roots that cling to the soil and corn plants have _________ that grow from the stem for better support.

Prop Roots

One of the differences between the two groups concern the ________,
which are embryonic leaves present in seeds.

Cotyledons

Plants whose embryo has one cotyledon are known as monocotyledon or _________.

Monocots

Vascular plant contain two main types of transport tissue: the ________for water and mineral and the _________ for organic nutrients.

Xylem, Phloem

Other embryos have two cotyledon, these plants are known as eudicotyledons or _________.

Eudicots

In a stem, vascular tissue occurs in the vascular bundles. The _______________ are scattered in the monocot stem, and they occur in a ring in the eudicot stems.

Vascular Bundles

Plants require only ___________ to produce all the organic compounds of their bodies.

Inorganic Nutrients

The bacteria live in ___________, and the plant supplies the bacteria with carbohydrates

root nodules

This association is known as a ______________, which literally mean” fungal roots”

Mycorrhizal Association

Water enters root cells by osmosis and sure enough, this does create a positive pressure called _________.

Root Pressure

The mechanism by which water and minerals travel up the xylem is called the _____________.

Cohesion Tension Model

Water vapor in the air spaces of a leaf exists a leaf at the stomata, a phenomenon called _______________.

Transpiration

Water molecules are cohesive – they cling tightly in each other because of ____________________.

Hydrogen Bonding

Punnett Square

A one trait testcross used to determine whether or not an individual with the dominant trait has two dominant factors for a particular trait.

We recognize that traits are controlled by alleles( alternate forms of a gene) that occur on the chromosomes at particular locations called the

gene locus

The ___________ is so named because of its ability to mask the expression of the other allele, called the __________.

dominant alleles, recessive alleles

When an organism has two identical alleles, it is termed _________

Homozygous

An individual is ________, meaning that they have two different alleles for the traits.

Heterozygous

The word _________refers to the physical appearance of the individual.

Phenotype

The ____________ says that the chance of two (or more) independent events occurring together is the product of their chances of occurring separately.

Rule of multiplication

What is the basis of sexual reproduction

Meiosis

Which chromosome comes from a male

Y

Which chromosome comes from the female

X

What is the 23rd pair of chromosomes in males

XY

What is the 23rd pair of chromosomes in females

XX

What is fertilization

The fusion of sperm and egg

What are the X and Y chromosomes?

The sex chromosomes

What are the non sex chromosomes called?

Autosomes

What do the sex chromosomes decide?

Gender

If you are a diploid how many chromosomes do you have?

46

In what organism will you see oogenesis occur?

female organisms

In what organism will you see spermatogenesis occur?

Any male organism

What type of cell is produced after fertilization?

A zygote

What is a zygote?

2n

Which one of these cell reproductions has two divisions?

Meiosis

What is a homologue?

Chromosome with same size, shape and constriction

What is the process of homologous chromosome pairs lining up side by side?

Synapsis

How do non sister chromatids share genetic material?

Crossing over

How many chromatids are contained in a tetrad?

4 chromatids

What has 4 chromatids with one homologue being sister chromatids and the other being non sister chromatids?

Tetrad

What is a chromosome that is composed of 2 sister chromatids?

Dyads

How many number 21 chromosomes does someone with down syndrome have?

Three

What is binary fission?

Asexuall reproduction/ mitosis

How do bacteria reproduce?

Binary fission

What are the 2 methods of cellular respiration?

Meiosis and mitosis

In what type of tissue does mitosis happen?

In the somatic/body cells

Where does meiosis occur

In the reproductive organs/ sex cells

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Symmetry and diversity

What is a diploid?

A complete cell, with 2 sets of chromosomes

What is a haploid?

A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes

How many cycles is mitosis

one

How many cycles is meiosis?

two

What is a gamete?

A sex cell

What is apoptosis?

Programmed cell death

What is leukemia?

Cancer of blood

What is cancer ?

Cellular reproduction with no limits

In what organelle does protein synthesis occur?

Ribosomes

When MRNA is translated it forms what?

A protein

What is the benefit of meiosis on society?

It improves Diversity

How would you describe a daughter cell?

Haploid

What is haploid ?

A cell with half the amount of chromosomes

What is the separation of cytoplasm?

Cytokensis

What is the longest stage of a cell's life?

Interphase

How many chromosomes does a human gamete have?

23

How many chromosomes do human beings have?

46

How do you describe the 4 haploids of meiosis?

Daughter cells

When DNA transcribes itself it produces what?

MRNA

What sugar is in nucleic acid?

Ribose

Which of these is a multicellular organism?

Black eyed peas

What is a collection of cells?

Tissues

What makes a heart?

A collection of cells

What is the term metabolism?

All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

What is one major difference between plant and animal cells?

Animal cells dont/cant carry out photosynthesis

What is photosynthesis?

A process that transfers energy into the chemical energy of a nutrient molecule

What are the three sections of domain?