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neophobia

dislike of unfamiliar things

two-factor theory

the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal. (p. 566)

facial feedback effect

the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness. (p. 579)

behavior feedback effect

the tendency of behavior to influence our own and others’ thoughts, feelings, and actions. (p. 580)

GAS

Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. (p. 586)

tend-and-befriend response

under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend). (p. 587)

coronary heart disease

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. (p. 591)

catharsis

in psychology, the idea that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. (p. 592)

Aerobic exercise

sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; also helps alleviate depression and anxiety. (p. 599)

mindfulness meditation

a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner. (p. 602)

subjective well-being

self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life. (p. 605)

adaptation-level phenomenon

our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. (p. 608)

relative deprivation

the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself. (p. 608)