Biology Final Review

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows and replicates its DNA is called ___

S Stage

In the human heart the ___ are the upper chambers that receive incoming blood

Atriums

A ___ is a sequence of three mRNA nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Codon

When an individual has two different alleles for a trait (like Bb), they are said to be ___

Heterozygous

___ are body parts in different species that share a similar structure due to common ancestry

Homologous Structures

The process of copying a DNA sequence into a molecule of mRNA is known as ___

Transcription

In the digestive system, tiny projections called ___ increase the surface area of the small intestine for better absorption

Villi

The physical appearance or observable trait of an organism is its ___

Phentotype

Uncontrolled cell division resulting from a loss of regulation is the hallmark of ___

Cancer

The wave-like muscular contractions that push food through the esophagus are called ___

Peristalsis

An ___ is a heritable trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its specific environment

Adaptation

In genetics, a ___ is someone who possesses a recessive allele but does not display the trait physically

Carrier

The enzyme found in saliva that begins the breakdown of starches is ___

Amylase

The final physical splitting of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells is called

Cytokinesis

In evolutionary terms, ___ is a measure of an organisms ability to survive and pass its genes to the next generation

Fitness