HUMB test- muscles

What muscles are part of iliosoas and what is the function

Iliacus and Psoas major. Hip flexors

Iliacus

Iliac fossa to lesser trochanter

Hip flexor

Femoral nerve

Psoas major

Lumbar spine to lesser trochanter

Hip flexor

Anterior rami of lumbar plexus

What are the knee extensor muscles

Rectus femoris

Vastus medialis

Vastus intermedius

Vastus lateralis

Rectus femoris

AIIS to tibial tuberosity

Knee extensor AND hip flexion

Femoral nerve

Vastus medialis

Medial lip of linea aspera to tibial tuberosity

Knee extensor

Femoral nerve

Vastus lateralis

From lateral lip of linea aspera and greater trochanter to tibial tuberosity

Knee extensor

Femoral nerve

Vastus intermedius

Shaft of femur to tibial tuberosity

Knee extensor

Femoral

Pectineus

From pubis (superior pubic rami) to (pectineal line of) femur

Hip Adductor and flexsor

Femoral and Obturator nerve

Sartorius

ASIS to anterior medial condyle of tibia

Synergist for hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation and knee flexion

Fermoal nerve

What muscles does femoral nerve supply

Iliacus

Vastus medialis, lateralis and intermedius

Rectus femoris

Pectineus

Sartorius

Position of femoral triangle

Between Sartorius and inguinal ligament and adductor longus

Hip adduction muscles

Pectineus

Adductor longus, brevis and Magnus

Gracilis

All hip adductor muscles attaches from

Pubis to linea aspera except for Gracilis (goes to tibia)

Adductor longus

Pubis body to middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

Hip adduction

Obturator nerve

Adductor brevis

Pubis to proximal part of linea aspera

Hip adduction

Obturator nerve

Adductor Magnus

Adductor part: pubis and ramus of ischium to linea aspera

Hamstring part:ischial tunerosity to adductor tubercle of femur

Hip adduction and hip extension (not knee flexion because it doesn’t cross the knee. Only behaves like a hamstring at the hip)

Adductor part supplied by Obturator nerve

Hamstring:tibial division of sciatic nerve

Gracilis

Pubis to anterior medial condyle of tibia

Hip adduction and knee flexion

Obturator nerve

What are the gluteal muscles

Gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

Tensor fascia latae

What muscles have hip abduction as their action

Gluteus medius, minimus

TFL

Gluteus maximus

Proximal:

Ilium

Sacrum

Sacrotuberous ligament

Erector spinae aponeurosis

Distal:

Iliotibial band (IT band)

Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Hip extensor and lateral (external) rotation

Inferior gluteal nerve

Gluteus medius

External surface of ilium to greater trochanter

Hip extension, abduction and internal rotation

Superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus minimus

External surface of ilium to greater trochanter

Hip abduction and medial rotation

Superior gluteal nerve

Tensor fascia latae

ASIS and iliac crest to via iliotibial band to anterolateral tubercle of tibia

Hip flexion, abduction and medial rotation

Superior gluteal nerve

Gluteus medius, minimus and TFL function

Keeps ipsilatedal pelvis level when standing on 1 leg.

Supplied by superior gluteal nerve

Piriformis

Sacrum to greater trochanter

Hip lateral rotation when in extension

Branches of anterior rami of S1 and S2

All hamstring attach proximally to

Ischial tuberosity

Bicep femoris

Proximal:

Long head: ischial tuberosity

Short head: linea aspera

both distally attach to head of fibula

Hip extension, knee flexion and lateral rotation

Tibial (long head) and common fibular (short head) divisions of sciatic nerve

Semitendinosus

Ischial tuberosity to anterior medial condyle of tibia

Hip extension, knee flexion and medial rotation

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

Semimembranosus

Ischial tuberosity to posterior medial condyle of tibia

Hip extension and knee flexion

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

Tibial division of sciatic nerve supplies

Long head of bicep femoris

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Hamstring part of adductor Magnus

3 muscles that distally attaches to anterior medial condyle of tibia

Sartorius

Gracilis

Semitendinosus

What are the ligaments of the Tibiofemoral joint and patellofemoral joint

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Anterior cruciate ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament

Medial and lateral meniscus

Medial and lateral patello retinaculum

Medial collateral ligament

P:medial epicondyle

D:superior medial tibia

Limits genu valgum

Lateral collateral ligament

P:lateral epicondylar femur

D:superior lateral fibula

Limits genu varum

Anterior cruciate ligaments

P:posterior part of medial surface of lateral femoral condyle

D:anterior intercondylar area of tibia

Descends antromedially

Limits anterior tibial glide on femur

Posterior cruciate ligament

P:anterior part of lateral surface lf medial femoral condyle

D:posterior intercondylar area of femur

Descends posteriorly

Limits posterior tibial glide on femur

Medial meniscus

P:anterior intercondylar area

D:posterior intercondylar area

Joint stability, nutrition, disperses shock

Lateral meniscus

Circle shape

Attaches on intercondylar fossa on tibial plateau

Medial and lateral retinacula

P;medial and lateral aspect of patella

D:ITB and collateral ligaments

Popliteus

P:lateral condyle of femur

D:posterior surface of tibia

Action:unlocks knee through rotation

NS:tibial nerve

Ligaments of Talocrural joint

Lateral:

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

Calcaneofibular ligament

Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Medial:

Anterior tibiotalar ligament

Tibiocalcaneal ligament

Tibionavicular ligament

Posterior tibiotalar ligament

ATFL Anterior talofibular ligament

P:neck to talus

D:lateral malleolus

Limits inversion in plantarflexion

Calcaneofibular

Lateral malleolus

Lateral calcaneus

limits inversion

PTFL posterior talofibular ligament

Lateral malleolus to talus

Limits dorsiflexion

Leg

Posterior compartment:

Lateral and medial heads of gastrocnemius

Soleus

Plantaris

Deep posterior:

Tibialis posterior

Flexor digitorum longus

Flexor hallucis longus

Anterior:

Tibialis anterior

Extensor digitorum longus

Extensor hallucis longus

Fibularis tertius

Lateral

Fibularis brevis

Fibularis longus

Gastrocnemius

L:posterior lateral condyle of femur

M:posterior femur superior to medial condyle

D:calcaneal tendon

Act:Talocrural plantarflexion, tibiofibular flexion

NS:tibial nerve

Soleus

P:Soleal line, medial tibia, head of fibula

D:calcaneal tendon

Act:Talocrural plantarflexion

NS:tibial nerve

Tibialis posterior

IOM, fibula, tib

Navicular, base of metatarsals, cuboid, calcaneal, cuneiform

Act:tolocrural plantarflexion, Subtalar inversion

NS:tibial nerve

Flexor digitorum longus

Tibia

Distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Act:flexion of 4 lateral toes, Talocrural plantarflexion, Subtalar inversion

NS:tibial nerve

Flexor hallucis longus

Fibula, tibia

Distal phalanx of hallux

Act:flexion of hallux, Subtalar inversion, weak plantarflexion

Ns:tibial nerve

Tibialis anterior

Tibia

Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Talocrural dorsiflexion and Subtalar inversion

Deep fibular nerv

Extensor digitorum longus

Fibula, IOM

Phalanges 2-5

Extension of 2-5 lateral digits, weak Subtalar eversion and dorsiflexion

Extensor hallucis longus

Fibula IOM

Distal phalanx of hallux

Extension of hallux, Talocrural dorsiflexion

Fibularis tertius

Fibula, IOM

Base of 5th metatarsal

Weak Talocrural dorsiflexion and Subtalar eversion

Deep fibular nerve

Fibularis longus

Fibula

Base of 1st metatarsal

Subtalar eversion and Talocrural plantarflexion

Superficial fibular nerve

Fibularis brevis

Fibula

Base of 5th metatarsal

Subtalar eversion Talocrural plantarflexion

Superficial fibular nerve