Cell Division

Cell division is basically the same in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

False

Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm

True

Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus of the cell divides

True

DNA replication results in identical chromosomes

True

A cell spends most of its life in growth phase 1 of the cell cycle

True

The S checkpoint, just before entry into S phase, make the key decision of whether the cell should divide

False

The correct order of phases of the cell cycle if G1 -> S -> G2 -> M

True

Interphase consists of mitosis and cytokinesis

False

In prokaryotic cells, all organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum, divide prior to cell division

False

Bacteria divide cells by binary fusion

False

A mass of abnormal cells is called a tumor

True

Organelles are made during growth phase 2

False

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle

True

If the cell cycle is not regulated, cancer may develop

True

Mitosis occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

False

What is the cell cycle?

The cell cycle is a repeating series of events: including growth, DNA synthesis, and cell division

What are the phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Interphase: G1, S, G2

Mitosis Phase: Mitosis & Cytokinesis

In which phase does a cell spend most of its life? What happens during this phase?

Growth Phase 1: The cell rapidly grows, routine metabolic processes are performed, proteins for DNA replication are made and copies some of its organelles in preparation for cell division

What is cancer? What may cause cancer to occur?

Cancer is a disease that occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated. This may happen because a cell's DNA becomes damaged due to exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals.

What is S phase? What happens during this phase?

During the S phase, the cell's DNA is copied in the process of DNA replication.

Which cells undergo cell division?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Cell division in eukaryotic cells is a complex process because of

the multiples chromosomes, the nucleus, the many organelles

Most routine metabolic processes occur during which phase of the cell cycle?

Growth Phase 1

The correct order of the eukaryotic cell cycle is

G1 -> S -> G2 -> M

The correct order of prokaryotic cell division is

DNA replication -> mitosis -> cytokinesis

Which cell cycle checkpoint determines whether the DNA has been replicated correctly?

The G2 checkpoint

What happens during mitosis?

The nucleus of the cell divides

Cell division in prokaryotic cells is called

Binary fission

Cell Division

the process in which one cell divides to form two daughter cells

DNA Replication

the process in which all of the nuclear DNA is copied

Cell Cycle

a repeating series of events that describes the life of a cell

Interphase

phase of the cell cycle that includes the G1, S, and G2 phases

Binary Fission

the process by which bacterial cells divide

Synthesis Phase

phase of the cell cycle in which the cell's DNA is copied

Cancer

occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated

Growth Phase 1

phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows rapidly and performs many metabolic processes

Growth Phase 2

phase of the cell cycle in which the cell makes final preparations to divide

Cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two daughter cells

Tumor

an abnormal mass of cells

Mitosis

the process in which the nucleus of the cell divides

Meiosis starts with one cell and ends with four

True

"Crossing-over" can occur in meiosis I but not meiosis II

True

A zygote is the first cell of a new organism

True

Meiosis 2 and mitosis are very similar

True

In humans, a gamete will have 23 chromosomes

True

Gametes are diploid, a zygote is haploid

False

Define meiosis

Meiosis is a type of cell division in which the number of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half

Is the DNA replicated after meiosis I? Why or why not?

DNA is replicated during interphase becuase Meiosis can only happen once DNA is replicated

Describe the main difference between metaphase I and metaphase II

In Metaphase I the spindle fibers attach to the homologous chromosomes

In Metaphase II the spindle fibers line up the sister chromatids

What is final product of meiosis

4 haploid cells

Because of when the chromosomes pair up during meiosis, crossing-over must occur during

Prophase I

Homologous Chromosomes separate during

Anaphase I

The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during cell division is known as

Crossing-Over

Haploid

having half the number of chromosomes

Diploid

having twice the number of chromosomes

Gametes

reproductive cells that unite to form an offspring