9th Grade Biology: Test on Evolution/Natural Selection

Likeness in structure between parts of different organisms which are evidence of common ancestry are called _________.

a. Phylogenies

b. Anologies

c. Geneologies

d. Homologies

Homologies

In cats, the bones in the legs involved in walking are very similar to bones in whale's flippers that are involved in swimming. Although they have different functions, these bones, called homologus structures, lead us to the theory that cats and whales _________.

a. Lived in the same time period

b. Have a common ancestor

c. Are both great swimmers

d. Have analogous structures to begin with

Have a common ancestor

Looking through the fossil record, there are times when numerous fossils look to just appear all at the same time, with similar characteristics. What is a good explanation for this?

a. A change in the environment occurred, and animals chose to express different traits.

b. New species are always just occurring, and there is no reason for it.

c. Ancient man killed off all the animals, and they raised new animals, which are then found in fossil record.

d. A change in the environment caused different genetic traits to allow for a greater chance for survival, and the fossil record shows this.

A change in the environment caused different genetic traits to allow for a greater chance for survival, and the fossil record shows this.

The total number of different alleles present in a population make up a _________.

a. Genotype

b. Phenotype

c. Gene pool

d. Gene flow

Gene pool

Heritable structures or behaviors that an organism possesses that allow it to more efficiently use its environment are _________.

a. Acclamations

b. Adaptations

c. Variations

d. Mutations

Adaptations

Which part of Darwin's theory of natural selection can be used to describe the following predator/prey relationship?

"When eagle prey on mice, some mice are killed and some escape"

a. Directional selection

b. Vestigial selection

c. Survival of the fittest

d. Homologous structures

Survival of the fittest

Birds and bees both have wings obviously. However it is also obvious that they did not evolve from a common ancestor. Which type of evolution would this be considered.

a. Convergent evolution

b. Divergent evolution

c. Simultaneous evolution

d. Flappy wing evolution

Convergent evolution

Old world monkeys would be found in which of the following countries?

a. Brazil

b. Canada

c. United Kingdom

d. The Democratic republic of Congo (African Countries)

The Democratic republic of Congo (African Countries)

Structures that no longer seam to have a particular use-like the Human appendix - in an animal are known as _________.

a. Homologous structures

b. Analogous structures

c. Vestigial structures

d. Physiological structures

Vestigial structures

For generations dogs have been bred and interbred by humans in order to acquire specific traits that we find desirable. This is an example of _________.

a. Natural selection

b. Artificial selection

c. Adaptations

d. Mutations

Artificial selection

Some forms of cephalopods are able to change the shape of their skin in order to resemble more threatening animals in their ecosystem. This is an example of _________.

a. Camouflage

b. Physiological adaptaion

c. Analogous structures

d. Mimicry

Mimicry

When the population becomes isolated, members of that breed must begin to interbreed in order to survive. Recessive traits may begin to show up more frequently than in outside populations. This phenomena is known as _________.

a. Gene flow

b. Gene drift

c. Mutations

d. Speciation

Speciation

Which type of adaptation happens quickly in bacteria populations that are antibiotic resistant?

a. Structural adaptation

b. Physical adaptation

c. Physiological adaptation

d. Phenotypic adaptation

Physiological adaptation

Which of the following is a true statement about evolution?

a. Individuals evolve more slowly than populations

b. Individuals evolve, populations don't

c. Evolution happens rapidly on Earth

d. Populations evolve, individuals don't.

Populations evolve, individuals don't.

Briefly describe the process of Evolution by natural selection.

The best suited to their environment will be able to find mates and pass their adaptations to their offspring.

Who is known as the father of Evolution?

Charles Darwin

Where did Darwin go to establish his theories on evolution by natural selection?

The Galapagos Islands