APHG Unit 1 Review

Mercator Projection

Useful for navigation

Problem: The further north/south from the equator, the more distorted it gets.

Peters Projection

Shows continents according to the true size of land mass, but it gets smushed towards the poles.

Polar Projection

Veiws the world from north/south poles, but it makes land near the poles seem more large, and the further from the equator, the more disproportionate it gets.

Robinson Projection

mix between Mercator and peters, and spreads all kinds of distortion equally,

Goode Homolosine Projection

A map projection that avoids shape distortion and the restrictions of a rectangular map by creating "interruptions" in the map's continuity; in each section, map projection regions are shown "equally," like an orange peel being laid out in a flat surface. But it splits oceans which is a departure from reality.

Distance Decay

The further two things are, the less connected they'll be.

Time-Space Compression

Decreased distance (not physically) between two places due to the time/cost it takes to get from one place to another.

Cultural Landscape

How the built environment reflects the values and culture of the people who built it.

Environmental Determinism

The physical environment determines how a people's culture develops.

Possibilism

Humans are the driving force in shaping their culture. Whatever environment people find themselves in, it offers many possibilities in shaping their culture.

Formal Region (uniform/homogenous)

Linked by a common trait

Functional (nodal) Region

An area organized around a node or focal point

Contested Boundaries

Boundaries that are disputed for religious, political, or cultural reasons

Expansion DIffusion

when ideas or practices spread throughout a population

Hierarchical Diffusion

When ideas leapfrog from one important person, community, or place to another.

Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion

Leapfrog from lower to higher level.

(spread of walmart)

Contagious Diffusion

Wavelike spread of ideas without regard of hierachy.

Stimulus Diffusion

When a specific trait is rejected, but the underlying variable is accepted.

Relocation DIffusion

When people with a particular idea/practice migrate from their hometown and bring it with them.

friction of Distance

the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance