Human Body Systems Overview

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the human microbiome, tissues, cells, and their functions as outlined in the lecture notes.

Microbiome

The collection of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi) that live in and on the human body.

Epithelial Tissue

Covers body surfaces, lines cavities and organs, and forms glands.

Connective Tissue

Supports, binds, and protects other tissues and organs.

Nervous Tissue

Conducts electrical impulses and supports communication and control within the body.

Muscle Tissue

Responsible for movement; includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.

Passive Transport

Movement of substances across cell membranes without the use of energy.

Active Transport

Movement of substances across cell membranes that requires energy.

Endocytosis

Process where cells bring substances into the cell.

Exocytosis

Process where cells release substances from the cell.

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid; stores all of the cell's genetic information.

RNA

Ribonucleic acid; plays roles in protein synthesis and differs from DNA in structure and function.

Protein Synthesis

The process of creating proteins from genes, including transcription and translation.

Inflammation

The body's response to injury, characterized by blood clot formation and cleaning of debris by white blood cells.