Unit 4: Judaism

Covenant

agreement between God and the people

Tanakh/T.N.K

sacred text, first 5 books are the Torah

Shabbat

day of rest

Shema

central prayer of confession of faith

YHWH (Yaweh)

covenant name of God in Hebrew

Messianic Promise

the belief in a future king who will restore the kingdom, rebuild the temple, gather exiled Jews, and usher in an era of peace

Messiah

anointed one

Hebrew/Israelite/Jew/Israeli

Names for Jewish people throughout their history

Talmud

sacred text which includes a rabbi’s commentary

Diaspora

dispersion of Jewish people outside of their ancestral homeland of Israel

Rabbi

teacher/leader of synagogue

Temple

central place of worship

Zionism

the movement to create the state of Israel

State of Israel

state of Israel

Tikkun Olam

the phrase for healing the world

Mitzvot

divine commandments derived from the Torah that guide Jewish life, practice, and ethics

Passover

a spring festival that celebrates the transition from Egyptian slavery to a free nation

Rosh Hashanah

Jewish new year festival, period of prayer, self-reflection, repentance, and judgement

Yom Kippur

the day of Atonement, holiest day in Judaism. Day of fasting, prayer, introspection, Jews look for forgiveness from God for sins committed

Orthodox

traditional, strict

Conservative

balances tradition and modernity

Reform

liberal, ethical emphasis