STAR Terms Western Civ Final Exam

Munich Agreement: Who?

G.B., France, Italy, Germany

Munich Agreement: What?

Germany wishes to take the Sudetenland to the displeasure of Czechoslovakia. Hitler says that he is willing to fight a world war over this territory. So G.B., France and Italy who do not necessarily want a war, meet in Munich to discuss, which Czechoslovakia is excluded from. In the end the Allies make an appeasement and allow Hitler to have the Sudetenland

Munich Agreement: Where?

Munich

Munich Agreement: When?

sept 29 1938

Munich Agreement: Why?

allowed Germany to occupy Sudetenland, most outrageous instance of appeasement to avoid war and proved to Hitler the allies would not fight so he could continue as he pleased with his plans

Pearl Harbor: Who?

Japan and U.S

Pearl Harbor: What?

surprise attack on pearl harbor

Pearl Harbor: When?

Dec 7 1941 

Pearl Harbor: Where?

U.S. Naval base Pearl Harbor (Hawaii)

Pearl Harbor: Why?

US entered WW2

D-Day: Who?

General Dwight D Eisenhower, Allied Forces, German Forces

D-Day: What?

The Allies landed five assault divisions on Normandy France beaches to force their way into France and begin their assault on Germany.

D-Day: When?

June 6 1944

D-Day: Where?

Normandy Germany

D-Day: Why?

Within 3 monthes,  they had landed 2 million men and half million vehicles that pushed inland inland. This was one of the turning points in the war and when Hitler started to lose his footing also the largest amphibious invasion

First Battle of Marne: Who?

Germany, Great Britain, and France

First Battle of Marne: What?

Germany goes through Belgium to surprise the French and seemed on the verge of success but they had underestimated the speed the British would mobilize. A counterattack by the British and French stopped the Germans at the Marne River

First Battle of Marne: When

September 6-10, 1914

First Battle of Marne: Where?

The Marne River, France

First Battle of Marne: Why?

Stopped the Germans from capturing Paris and caused a stalemate between the two sides. Resulted in both sides digging trenches and them holding virtually the same positions for 4 years

The Zimmerman Telegram: Who?

Germans who sent the telegram to Mexico that was intercepted by England and shared with the US

The Zimmerman Telegram: What

German foreigner minister telegraphed German ambassador in Mexico instructing him to offer Mexico the return of the lands lost in the 1840s to the US if Mexico supported Germany against or provoked a war with the US. US being in a war with Mexico would mean Germany would not have to worry. British intercepted it and showed the US

The Zimmerman Telegram: When?

January 16, 1917

The Zimmerman Telegram: Where?

Germany and Mexico

The Zimmerman Telegram: Why?

Led to the US entering the war in April which was what Germany had not wanted

Beer Hall Putsch: Why?

While Hitler was in jail he wrote his autobiography titled Mein Kampf (My Struggle) which outlines his ideologies and plans for Germany. Eventually these plans became a reality as Hitler came to power.

Reichstag Fire: Who?

Hitler, German government, communist who set the fire

Reichstag Fire: What?

The Reichstag is the parliament of the Weimar Republic. The fire was set by an arsonist who happened to be a communist. Hitler used this as a pretext to claim the Communists were plotting against the German government

Reichstag Fire: Where?

German Parliament Building, Berlin, Germany

Reichstag Fire: When?

February 27, 1933

Reichstag Fire: Why?

Under the pretense that Communists were plotting against Germany, Hitler managed to convince President Hindenburg to issue a decree that gave the government emergency powers. These powers is what allows Hitler to gain dictatoral power and began instituting his plans

Nuremberg Laws: Who?

Hitler, Nazis and German Jews

Nuremberg Laws: What?

Hitler and Nazis instituted racial laws that excluded German Jews from German citizenship and forbade marriages and extramarital relations between Jews and German citizens

Nuremberg Laws: Where?

Germany

Nuremberg Laws: When?

September 1935

Nuremberg Laws: Why?

The Nuremberg Laws separated the Jews politically, socially, and legally. These laws were the natural extension of Hitler’s stress on the preservation of a pure Aryan race

Beer Hall Putsch: Who?

Hitler and the Nazi Party

Beer Hall Putsch: What?

A violent, armed uprising that was an attempt to overthrow the local Bavarian government. Hitler was inspired by Mussolini’s calculated bluff and threat to march on Rome. Hitler’s was unsuccessful and were arrested, tried and found guilty of treason. Hitler was sentenced to prison for 5 years

Kristallnacht: Who?

Nazis and German Jews

Kristallnacht: What?

Also known as the Night of Shattered Glass, it is when the Nazis led a destructive rampage against the German Jews. They burned synagogues, rounded up 30,000 Jewish males to send them to concentration camps, destroyed 7,000 Jewish businesses and at least 100 Jews were killed. This happened in response of a German diplomat being murdered in France by a Polish Jew. Despite the murder having nothing to do with the murderer being Jewish, Nazis decided to punish the German Jews for what happened and make them pay retribution.

Kristallnacht: Where?

Germany

Kristallnacht: When?

November 9-10, 1938

Kristallnacht: Why?