Urban issues and challenges

Define urbanisation

• The process where a increasing percentage of the countries population comes to live in towns and cities

Define migration

• Where people move from one area to another

Define mega city

• an urban area with a population of more then 10 million people

What are the general push factors of rural to urban migration

• poor internet

• lack of entertainment

• limited education

• bad job opportunities

• worse healthcare

• brain drain

What are the general pull factors of rural to urban migration?

• better roads

• lots of recreational and entertainment opportunities

• good variety of jobs

• better public transport

• culturally diverse

Define densely populated

An area with a high number of people per KM

Define sparsely populated

an area with a low number of people per KM

What are the pros and cons of Urban greening?

• natural drainage - reducing flood risk

• improves air quality

• space for exercise and improving physical and mental health

• attracts visitors

Social mobility

• the ability to move from a low socio-economic status to a higher one

What are the pros and cons of building on a greenfield site?

+ improve the urban environment

+ close to existing facilities and services

+ existing road networks cause restrictions

+ better public transports

- derelict sites

- may cost more as the building has to be demolished first

- the ground may be contaminated

What are the pros and cons of building on a greenfield site?

+ cheaper land

+ larger housing plots

+ easy to sell homes as it is close to the environment

+ encourages urban sprawl

- natural habitats may be destroyed

- valuable farm land may be lost