Skills - ch 45 sensory DONE

Enables a person to be aware of the position and movement of body parts without seeing them

Kinesthetic sense

Gustatory

Taste

Sense that allows a person to recognize the size, shape, and texture of an object

Stereognosis

Stimulation of sensory nerve fibers and the transmission of impulses to higher centers within the brain

Sensory reception

Stimulation of receptors such as light, touch, or sound

Reception

Integration and interpertation of stimuli

Perception

Only the most important stimuli will elicit a reaction

Reaction

When a sensory deficit develops gradually or some time passes since onset of acute loss, person will

Learn to rely on unaffected senses, and they may even become more acute.

BLANK Mediates a sensory stimuli to the BLANK; these people are able to receive stimuli even while deep sleep.

Reticular activating system

Cerbral cortex

Sensory deficit from visual or hearing loss

Reduced sensory input

Elimination of patterns or meaning from input

Exposure to strange environments

Restrictive environments that produce monotony and boredom

Bed rest

Effects of sensory deprivation are similar to symptoms such as

Illness confusion symptoms of severe selective imbalance or influence of psychotropic drugs

A person's tolerance to sensory overload can vary according to

Fatigue, attitude, physical, and emotional well-being

Vidual changes durinbg adut hood that redult need for galsses occur at

40 to 50 yo

Reduces visual fields, increases glare sensitivity, impairs night vision reduces depth perception, and reduces color discrimination.

Galucoma

Proproceptive changes common after 60 include

Difficult balance, spatial orientation, and coordination

Hearing loss usually being at

30

Smell and taste change usually begin at

50

Ex. of meaningful stimuli

Positive influence on patient: pet, music, TV, movies, family clock, calendar

Absence of meaningful conversation results in a feeling of

Isolation, loneliness, anxiety, depression

Occupational and recreational sports activities can have effects on

Sight, hearing, and body parts

When assessing a patient at risk for sensory alteration, first consider

Pathophysiology of existing deficits and factors influencing sensory function to anticipate how to approach pt assessment

Collect a history of the patient's current sensory status and degree of deficit affecting the patient's life.

Nursing history includes assessment of

Nature and characteristics of sensitivity alteration or any problem related to an alteration

To identify sensory deficits and their severity, use

Physical assessment techniques to asses vision hearing, olfaction, taste, and ability to discriminate light, touch, temp, pain, and position

Assess health promotion activity by assessing

Daily routine that patient follow to maintain sensory function

Assess a patient's functional ability in their home environment or health care setting.

Ability to perform feeding, dressing, grooming, and toileting activities

Patient medical history may include

Prescribed and OTC medications and herbal products: some antibiotics are ototoxic

To understand nature of communication problems, you need to understand whether a patient has

Trouble spekaing understanfing naming or writing

What type of communication is essential for those with hearing impairment?

Face ti face

Vision

Patients with visual impairment focus on what style of communication

Voice tone and inflections

Braille

People with aphasia have varied degrees of inability to

Speak, interpret, or understand language.

Inability to name common objects or express simple ideas in words or writing.

n ex-person understands the question but can’t express the answer.

Expreseive (motor) apahsia

Inability to understand written or spoken language,

patient, able to express words but unable to understand others.

Sensory (recoetive) aphasia

Inability to understand language or communicate orally

Global aphasia

People who have undergone laryngectomies often BLANK to communicate.

Write notes, communication boards, laptops, computers, and speak with mechanical vibrators or esophageal speech

Patients with endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes have

Temporary loss of usually results in writing a note to communicate, but some became incapacitated and unable to write.

A condition that nursing interventions can affect

Etiology or related factor of a nursing diagnosis

Nursing diagnoses are selected by

Recognizing the way that sensory altercations affect patient ability to function

Ex. of nursing diagnoses that apply to patient with sensory alteration

Risk-prone health behavior

Impaired verbal communication

Risk for injury

Impaired physical mobility

Bathing self-care defect

Situational low self-esteem

Risk for falls

Social isolation

Good sensory function begins eith

Prevention

Most common visual problem is a

Refractive error such as nearsightedness

Patients need to have hearing screening at least

Every decade through age 50 and every 3 years after

When promoting meaningful stimuli, it's important to consider

Environment

Improve lighting, hearing, tactile, taste, and smell sensation.

Patient is overly sensitive to tactile stimuli.

Hypothesis

People with artifical airways are able to communicate effectively with

Communication boards, laptops, computers, and written messages

Patients with recent sensory impairment require

Complete orientation to immediate environment.

Keep all object in the same position and place.

Most common language disorder following a stroke is

Apahsia

Patient with reduced tactile senasation risk

Injury when conditions confine them to bed because they are unable to sense pressure on bony prominences or need to change position

Restorative and continuing care include

Maintaining healthy lifestyle

Understanding sensory loss

Socialization

Promoting self-care

Who si the only person that knows if sensory abilities are imporves and which interventions are most successful in facilitating change in pt performance?

Patient

To evaluate the effectiveness of specific nursing interventions, use

Critical thinking and make comparisons with baseline sensory assessment data to evaluate if sensory alterations have changed

What is an effective evaluation measure?

Ask pt to explain or demonstrate self-care skills.