Male External Genitalia (ANA 204)

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the anatomy, blood supply, nerve supply, and clinical conditions of the male external genitalia based on the lecture notes.

Penis

The male organ of copulation, consisting of a root (attached portion) and a body (free portion).

Root of Penis

The attached portion of the penis situated in the superficial perineal pouch, composed of two crura and one bulb.

Crus of Penis

Attached to the margins of the pubic arch and covered by the ischiocavernosus muscle.

Bulb of Penis

Attached to the perineal membrane between the two crura and covered by the bulbospongiosus muscle; its deep surface is pierced by the urethra.

Intra bulbar navicular fossa

A dilation in the floor of the urethra located within the bulb of the penis.

Corpora cavernosa

A pair of erectile tissue masses that are the forward continuation of the crura; they do not reach the end of the penis.

Corpus spongiosum

The median mass of erectile tissue that is a forward continuation of the bulb, traversed by the urethra, and expands terminally to form the glans penis.

Tunica albuginea (Penis)

A fibrous envelope surrounding the corpora cavernosa, consisting of superficial longitudinal and deep circular fibers.

Glans penis

The conical enlargement at the terminal end of the corpus spongiosum.

Corona glandis

The projecting margin at the base of the glans penis that overhangs the neck of the penis.

Navicular fossa

A dilation of the urethra located within the glans penis.

Prepuce

Also known as the foreskin, it is a fold of thin, dark skin located at the neck of the penis.

Frenulum

A median fold of skin located on the undersurface of the glans penis.

Smegma

A secretion produced by sebaceous glands located on the corona glandis and the neck of the penis.

Buck's fascia

The deep fascia of the penis that surrounds all three masses of erectile tissue but does not extend into the glans.

Fundiform ligament

A support for the body of the penis that extends downwards from the linea alba and splits to enclose the organ.

Suspensory ligament

A deep ligament extending from the pubic symphysis that blends with the fascia on each side of the penis.

Internal pudendal artery

The source of three major branches to the penis: the deep artery, the dorsal artery, and the artery of the bulb.

Parasympathetic nerves ($S2-S4$)

Autonomic nerves (nervi erigentes) that act as vasodilators and control the mechanism of erection.

Gland of Cloquet

The deep inguinal lymph nodes into which lymphatics from the glans penis drain.

Scrotum

A cutaneous bag containing the right and left testes, epididymides, and the lower parts of the spermatic cords.

Dartos muscle

The second layer of the scrotum, located immediately deep to the skin.

External spermatic fascia

A layer of the scrotum derived from the external oblique muscle.

Cremasteric muscle and fascia

A layer of the scrotum derived from the internal oblique muscle.

Internal spermatic fascia

The innermost layer of the scrotum derived from the fascia transversalis.

Hydrocoele

A clinical abnormality characterized by the accumulation of fluid within the scrotum.

Variocoele

A clinical condition involving the enlargement of the veins within the scrotum.

Testis

The male gonad, homologous with the female ovary, suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord.

Tunica vaginalis

The outermost of the three coverings of the testis.

Seminiferous tubules

Highly convoluted tubules (2-3 per lobule) where sperm is produced; they join to form straight tubules.

Rete testis

A network of tubules located in the mediastinum of the testis, formed by the union of straight tubules.

Testicular artery

A branch of the abdominal aorta that descends to supply the testis.

Pampiniform plexus

A network of veins emerging from the testis; the right drains into the inferior vena cava and the left into the left renal vein.

Monorchism

A clinical condition characterized by the unilateral absence of a testis.

Cryptoorchidism

A clinical condition where one or both testes are undescended.

Epididymis

An organ made of a highly coiled tube that acts as a reservoir for spermatozoa; it consists of a head, body, and duct.

Spermatic cord

A structure containing the ductus deferens, testicular/cremasteric arteries, pampiniform plexus, lymph vessels, and nerves.

Prostatic urethra

The widest and most dilatable part of the urethra, approximately $3\,\text{cm}$ long, which traverses the prostate gland.

Membranous urethra

The shortest ($1-2\,\text{cm}$), thinnest, and least dilatable part of the urethra, surrounded by the sphincter urethrae.

Penile (spongy) urethra

The longest part of the urethra ($15-16\,\text{cm}$), embedded in the corpus spongiosum.

External meatus

The narrowest part of the male urethra, where it opens at the end of the penis.