unit 3 study thing

Frued

Psychoanalytic approach to personality, ego defense mechanisms

Gordan Allport

functional equivalence

OCEAN

Openness to new experiences, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

Erving Goffman

self presentation = impression management

tendency to make assumptions about people’s behavior while ignoring other factors

Fundamental atrribution error

explicit attitudes

consciously reported

implicit attitudes

automatic associations

cognitive dissonance

the state of tension because of the inconsistency between attitudes or behavior

conformity

changing your behavior to match the people around you

implicit bias

treating someone differently because of implicit attitudes that form by stereotypes or prejudice

Gordon Allport (model)

4 factor model to reduce prejudice

Robber’s Cave Study

shared goals reduced intergroup conflict

the resistance stage of GAS is characterized by:

sustained effort to cope with ongoing stress

sublimation

satisfying an impulse in an acceptable way

displacement

taking out anger out on someone else

the most widely accepted model of personality

OCEAN model (the big 5)

reciprocal determinism

different kinds of people end up in different situations

internal locus of control

outcomes are because of things person has done

external locus of control

outcomes are because of what has happened

humanist perspective

fouses on human value and potential

self-actualization

fulfilling true potential

psychoanalytic perspectives

focused on dark and hidden desires

functional equivalence

the same situations interpreted differently as a personality tendency

hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis

activated during chonic stress

allostatic load

the wear and tear on tissues and organs from chronic stress

differential sensitivities hypothesis

some people are genetically predisposed to be more or less affected by their environment

problem-focused coping involves

directly addressing the source of the stress

an internal locus of control is associated with

better health and less stress reaction

research on social support shows that it

is among the most important factors for longevity

diathesis

underlying vulnerability to developing a disorder

diathesis-stress model

psychological diorders develop when a vulnerable individual encounters sufficient stress

negative symptoms

should be there but arent

positive symptoms

shouldn’t be there but are

Point prevalence

percentage of people in a population who will have a diorder in a point of time

evolution of DSM

psychoanalytic to evidence-based approach

comorbidity

more than one medical condition at once

15-18th century

asylums

late 18- mid 19th century

theraputic environments

Philip Pinel

advocated moral treatment with kindness, dignity and respect

Dorathea Dix

systematic, advocacy approach

Freud

psychoanalytic approach, talk-therapy

Carl Rogers (humanistic therapy)

unconditional positive regard and client centered therapy

Gestalt Therapy

present-moment

behavioral therapy

works with exposure therapy

Albert Ellis

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (ABC model)

Aaron Beck

Cognitive therapy, dysfunctional beliefs

contingency management

behavioral therapy with operant conditioning

Lithium carbonate

used to treat bipolar

atypical antipsychotics

reduction in positive and negative symptoms