key definitions for spec doc history

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to migrants in Britain from c800 to the present and the Notting Hill area from c1948 to c1970.

Migrant

An individual who moves from one place to another, encompassing voluntary and forced migration, temporary migrants, and internal migrants.

Pull factors

Conditions or circumstances that attract migrants to a new area, such as economic opportunities or improved living conditions.

Push factors

Conditions or circumstances that drive migrants away from their country of origin, such as conflict or economic hardship.

Danelaw

A historical area in England where the laws of the Danish were in effect, showcasing the impact of Viking migration.

Huguenots

French Protestants who fled persecution and migrated to England in the seventeenth century, significantly contributing to English society.

Black Death

A devastating pandemic in the 14th century that impacted the population of England and influenced migration patterns.

Race Relations Act (1965)

A piece of legislation in the UK designed to prevent discrimination based on race, reflecting the changing attitudes towards migrants.

Notting Hill Riots (1958)

A series of confrontations between the police and local black residents in the Notting Hill area of London, highlighting racial tensions.

Mutual self-help organisations

Community-based initiatives, such as 'pardner' schemes, aimed at supporting individuals and families among migrant communities.

The Mangrove Nine

A group of nine black individuals accused of violent protests against police racism, which became a significant case highlighting racial tensions in Britain.

Immigration

The act of moving to a foreign country with the intent to settle there permanently.

Emigration

The act of leaving one's country to live in another country.

Refugees

Individuals who are forced to flee their country due to persecution, war, or violence.

Asylum Seekers

Individuals who seek international protection due to threats in their home country.

Cultural Assimilation

The process by which a minority group adopts the cultural norms of a dominant group.

Diaspora

The dispersion of any group of people from their original homeland.

Remittances

Money that migrants send back to their family and friends in their home country.

Naturalization

The process by which a foreign citizen becomes a citizen of a country.

Integration

The process of incorporating individuals from different backgrounds into a society.

Transnationalism

The process of migrants maintaining connections with their home countries while living in another country.