Chapter 15 nonrenewable energy

define what a fossil fuel is

define the term nonrewneable

define the term renewable

in what year did europe cut down more trees than they could replace

1850

what year was the year that raw petroleum was pumped out of the ground and where

1859 in Titusville pennsylvania

who and in what year did this person make the internal combustion engine which ran on gas

Carl Benz made the first internal combustion engine in 1885

True or Flase: By 1900, 40% of the total energy was being used from oil?

True

Looking at this firgure( firgure 15-1)  Why

do you think the world as a whole relies more on renewable energy than the United States does?

The world relies more on renewable energy than the United States because many countries have stronger and more consistent clean‑energy policies, faster permitting for wind and solar projects, and fewer political barriers to expanding renewables. Nations in Europe and Asia have invested heavily in long‑term renewable infrastructure, while the U.S. has faced slower permitting, policy rollbacks, and continued dependence on cheap fossil fuels, which together limit how quickly renewable energy can grow.

define what “net energy “ is and how it is gotten

this is the amount of usable high quality energy there is avaibale for a given resource

The Net energy amount is gotten by": Total amount of usable energy - The amount of energy needed to make the energy available to consumers

How is net energy calucated:

estiamting tht total amount of energy avabile over a projected lifetime - the estimated amount of energy needed to make it comceriaally available to consumers

what is the net energy ration

this is a ratio given by taking the energy unit produced/the amount of energy unit is needed to produce it

ex: if it takes 9 units of energy to make 10 units of energy by growing and processing corn to produce ethanol fuel for cars, then the ration would be 10/9 = 1.1

10 - amount of energy produced

9 - the units of energy needed to make the 10 units

True or false: as the net energy ration increases, the net energy yield will also increase

True

what happens in the net energy ratio is less than 1

Then it is refered as a net energy loss and meaning that not making more energy than it takes to make

what happens to the oil depsoit fo the earth as you dig deeper into the earth?

The net energy ration becomes less and it becomes unoptiomal to coutine to go for it comapred to only using surface oil

describe the rule of thumb for the econmic usefulness of an energy resource(this is based on the net energy yield

Any energy resource with a low or

negative net energy yield cannot compete in the open market-

place with other energy alternatives with higher net energy

yields unless it is subsidized by the government (taxpayers)

or by some other outside source of funding

ex:nuclear power fuel

cycle:

can you describe the Nuclear power fuel cycle:

extract and process uranium ore, convert it into

nuclear fuel, build and operate nuclear power plants,

safely store the resulting highly radioactive wastes for

thousands of years, dismantle each highly radioactive

plant after its useful life (typically 40–60 years), and

safely store its radioactive parts for thousands of years.

can you describe one important part of the net energy ratio

Energy lost automactically by the 2nd law of thermodyanics

the amount of unnescessary wasted energy

what is the percentages of the enregy and how it is used in the united states

84% is wasted( 41% auto by the 2nd law, 43% that is controllable waste)

16% which is used