Environment Vocabulary Lecture Notes

A comprehensive vocabulary set covering environmental terms, natural disasters, and ecological concepts including Thai translations and English definitions.

pollutant

A substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere; (n.) มวลสาร, สิ่งที่ทำให้สกปรก

recycle

To convert waste into reusable material; (v.) นำกลับมาใช้ใหม่

rubbish/trash/garbage

Waste material; (n.) ขยะ

surface run-off

The flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater or meltwater flows over the Earth's surface; (n.) การสูญเสียหน้าดิน

underground flow

Water that flows beneath the surface of the ground; (n.) ทางน้ำใต้ดิน

biological diversity

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem; (n.) ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ

ecosystem

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment; ระบบนิเวศ

parasite

An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host); ปรสิต

extinct

A species or group having no living members; (v.) สูญพันธุ์

extinction

The state or process of a species or group being or becoming extinct; (n.) การสูญพันธุ์ SA

overflow/flood/deluge/inundation

An overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land; (n.) น้ำท่วม

tidal wave/tsunami

A long high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance; (n.) คลื่นทะเล, สึนามิ

toxic/noxious

Poisonous or harmful; (adj.) ที่เป็นพิษ

toxin/venom/poison

A poisonous substance; พิษ

incinerate

To destroy waste material by burning; เผา

herbicide

A substance that is toxic to plants, used to destroy unwanted vegetation; ยาฆ่าวัชพืช

pesticide

A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals; (n.) ยาปราบศัตรูพืช หรือ ยาฆ่าแมลง

insecticide

A substance used for killing insects; ยาฆ่าแมลง

volcano

A mountain or hill having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted; (n.) ภูเขาไฟ

volcanic ash

Tiny particles of jagged rock, minerals, and volcanic glass blasted into the air during an eruption; (n.) ขี้เถ้าจากภูเขาไฟ

volcanic tremor

A continuous ground vibration caused by volcanic activity; (n.) การสั่นสะเทือนที่เกิดจากภูเขาไฟ

active volcano

A volcano that is currently erupting or shows signs of erupting in the near future; (n.) ภูเขาไฟที่ยังคงลุกไหม้

dormant volcano

An active volcano that is not erupting but is supposed to erupt again; (n.) ภูเขาไฟสงบแล้ว

extinct volcano

A volcano that has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again; ภูเขาไฟดับมอดแล้ว

wildlife sanctuary

An area where wildlife is protected; (n.) เขตสัตว์ป่าสงวน

animal welfare

The well-being of non-human animals; สวัสดิภาพสัตว์

acid rain

Rainfall made sufficiently acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm; (n.) ฝนกรด

aerosol

A substance enclosed under pressure and able to be released as a fine spray; (n.) ละอองของเหลว

air pollution

The presence in or introduction into the air of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects; (n.) มลพิษทางอากาศ

water pollution

The contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities; (n.) มลภาวะทางน้ำ

marine pollution

The contamination of the ocean by substances such as chemicals, industrial and agricultural waste, or invasive organisms; (n.) มลภาวะทางทะเล

mercury poisoning

A type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury; (n.) การเป็นพิษของสารปรอท

atmosphere

The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet; (n.) ชั้นบรรยากาศ

climate

The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period; (n.) ภูมิอากาศ

contaminated

Made impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance; (adj.) ปนเปื้อน

devastating

Highly destructive or damaging; (adj.) ที่ทำลายล้าง

dispose of

To get rid of by throwing as waste; (v.) กำจัดทิ้งไป

domestic sewage

Wastewater that originates from household activities such as laundry, bathing, and cooking; (n.) ของเสียจากอาคารบ้านเรือน

ecology

The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings; (n.) ระบบนิเวศ

effect

A change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause; (n.) ผลกระทบ

alternative energy

Energy fueled in ways that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment, such as solar or wind power; (n.) พลังงานทางเลือก

energy shortage

A state where the demand for energy is higher than the supply; (n.) ภาวะการณ์ขาดแคลนพลังงาน

emission

The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation; (n.) การปล่อยออกมา

erosion

The process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents; (n.) การสึกกร่อน

erode

Gradually wear away or be destroyed; (v.) กร่อน (ถูกกัดกร่อน)

corrode

To destroy or damage slowly by chemical action; (v.) กัดกร่อน (สิ่งอื่น)

endangered species

A species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction; (n.) สัตว์ใกล้สูญพันธุ์

exhaust fume

Gases ejected from an engine as waste products; (n.) ควันจากท่อไอเสียยานพาหนะ

fuel

Material such as coal, gas, or oil that is burned to produce heat or power; (n., v.) เชื้อเพลิง, ให้เชื้อเพลิง

global warming

A gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect; (n.) ภาวะโลกร้อน

greenhouse effect

The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere; (n.) ปรากฏการณ์เรือนกระจก

metals

In the context of the notes, associated with drainage; (n.) ท่อระบายนํ้า

nuclear fallout

Radioactive particles that are scattered by a nuclear explosion and fall through the atmosphere; (n.) ฝุ่นรังสีนิวเคลียร์

oil-slick

A layer of oil floating on an area of water; (n.) คราบน้ำมันที่ลอยอยู่บนผิวน้ำ

ozone layer

A layer in the earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation; (n.) บรรยากาศชั้นโอโซน

pest

A destructive insect or other animal that attacks crops, food, or livestock; (n.) ศัตรูพืช

plant/factory

A place where an industrial or manufacturing process takes place; (n.) โรงงาน