Global II Final Exam Vocabulary Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering major topics of the Global II Final Exam including WWI, the Bolshevik Revolution, WWII, the Cold War, Decolonization, and Human Rights Violations.

Militarism

Competition between nations over weapons, wars won, and military strategies.

Triple Entente

A Pre-WWI alliance consisting of Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary.

Triple Alliance

A Pre-WWI alliance consisting of Russia, Great Britain, and France.

Nationalism

The belief in the superiority of one nation over another which increased tension and competition between nations.

Archduke Franz-Ferdinand

The individual whose assassination by a Serbian Nationalist sparked World War I.

Balkan Peninsula

A portion of Eastern Europe formally under the control of the Ottoman Empire sought by both Austria-Hungary and Russia.

Pan-Slavism

The idea that any Slavic speaking nation should be under the control of another Slavic Speaking Nation.

Allied Powers (WWI)

The group consisting of Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the United States.

Central Powers

The group consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.

Lost Generation

The generation of people after WWI who were traumatized by the experience of war.

Total War

When all of a nation’s resources go into the war effort, impacting the economy, infrastructure, and home life.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that ended WWI, forced Germany to assume almost all blame, pay reparations, and limit its military.

League of Nations

An international organization established after WWI to prevent another world war; it failed because it lacked a military force and the U.S. did not join.

Zionism

A movement for the re-establishment of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel, established by journalist Theodor Hertzl.

Bolshevik Revolution

A revolution beginning in 1917 influenced by the Communist Manifesto that aimed to create a classless society in Russia.

Proletariat

The working class who, according to Karl Marx, would overthrow the bourgeoisie (the business class).

Vladimir Lenin

The leader who took control of the Soviet Union in 1923 and promised the people "Peace, Land and Bread."

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Lenin's economic plan where no privately owned businesses were allowed and the government controlled banks, large industry, and foreign trade.

Five Year Plan

Stalin's official plan for rapid industrialization and increasing the production of steel and machinery through the use of quotas and force.

Forced Collectivization

State-owned large farms that Stalin forced peasants to live and work on to grow grain for cities and export.

Holodomor (Famine in Ukraine)

A man-made famine in the 1930s resulting from Stalin's forced collectivization that led to the death of more than five million people.

Fascism

A government style that uses nationalism, imperialism, and totalitarian control to enforce its will onto the people.

Mein Kumpf

The popular memoir written by Hitler that outlined Nazi ideology and beliefs in a superior race and Anti-Semitism.

Nuremberg Laws

1938 laws issued by Hitler that forced Jewish people to wear Stars of David, closed their businesses, and removed them from their homes.

Appeasement

The weak response of European countries to German aggression, such as the League of Nations allowing the occupation of Sudetenland.

Axis Powers

The WWII alliance consisting of Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Yalta Conference

An agreement made by Great Britain, the U.S., and the USSR to split Germany into two parts for rehabilitation after WWII.

Bataan Death March

The forced marching of American prisoners by Japanese soldiers where prisoners were beaten, shot, and stabbed.

Berlin Wall

A physical wall separating East and West Berlin, representing the division between the U.S. and USSR influences.

Iron Curtain

An imaginary line between Democratic Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe.

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, an alliance of Western European Democracies and the United States.

Warsaw Pact

The alliance of the USSR and its Satellite States, which served as a buffer zone between Russia and Western Europe.

Containment

The United States policy to combat the spread of Communism by keeping it within the areas already occupied by Soviet forces.

Truman Doctrine

An economic aid package sent to Western European countries to help them recover from WWII and fend off Communism.

Proxy War

Indirect conflicts between the U.S. and USSR that occurred in areas like Korea, Vietnam, Angola, and Cuba.

Decolonization

The process by which colonial overlords leave their colonies, often happening swiftly and abruptly.

Civil Disobedience

The breaking of non-violent laws as a form of protest, used by Gandhi to end British rule in India.

Partition of India

The 1947 split of the region into Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan.

Pan-Africanism

A nationalistic movement calling for the unification of all African people to stand up for their rights and freedoms.

Apartheid

A racist system of government in South Africa that systematically separated white and black South Africans.

Camp David Accords

A 1979 treaty based on the concept of "land for peace" where Egypt recognized Israel's right to exist in exchange for the Sinai Peninsula.

Desert Storm

The 1990-1991 mission where U.S. and Western powers fought to liberate Kuwait from Iraq's invasion to safeguard oil resources.

Khmer Rouge

The Communist group under Pol Pot that took control of Cambodia and initiated the "Year Zero" revolution.

Tiananmen Square Massacre

A 1989 event where the Chinese government sent troops and tanks against demonstrators demanding rights, resulting in thousands of deaths.

Hutus and Tutsis

The two ethnic groups in Rwanda involved in a 1994 genocide where Hutus slaughtered approximately 800,000 Tutsis in 100 days.