Supranational Organizations

Supranationalism

When multiple countries form an organization to collectively achieve greater benefits for all members

What benefits do supranationalism organizations usually include?

Military, promotion of trade, and combating of environmental issues

What is needed to join a supranational organization?

A country must relinquish some level of sovereignty to join  as well as must accept regulations or decisions of the organization

How many states are needed?

3 or more

What are the types of supranational organizations?

Economic, Military and Strategic, and Environmental

What do countries do in economic supranational organizations?

Work together to achieve **economies of scale**

What is included in economic supranational organizations?

(1) Common set of regulations, laws, and lower tariffs, (2) are able to trade more freely, and (3) may specialize in certain economic sectors

What do countries do in military and strategic supranational organizations?

Protect themselves and allies

What is included in military and strategic supranational organizations?

(1) Less likely to be attacked by other countries and more likely to receive help if they are and (2) they share technology, training, bases, and information.

What do countries do in environmental supranational organizations?

Work together because the issues transcend international borders

* limits of pollution
* protect animal species from being overharvested or endangered
* manage local environmental issues complicated by borders

What is included in environmental supranational organizations?

(1) Limits of pollution, (2) protects animal species from being overharvested and endangered, and (3) manages local environmental issues complicated by borders

What is the ASEAN?

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

When was ASEAN established?

1967

How many members are in ASEAN?

10 current members

What are the current ASEAN goals?

(1) Economic growth, (2) social progress, and (3) cultural development (equality and partnership for peace)

What is the EU?

European Union

When was EU established?

1958

How many members are in EU?

27 current members (started with 6)

What are the current EU goals?

(1) Free trade, (2) limited international borders, (3) common currency 

What were the original EU goals?

Preserve peace and promote economic cooperation

What are the requirements to join the EU?

(1) Must have a free-market economy, (2) a stable democracy and the rule of law, and (3) the acceptance of all EU legislation, including the euro

What is OPEC?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

When was OPEC established?

1960

How many members are in OPEC?

14 current members (started with 5)

What are the current OPEC goals?

(1) Coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and (2) ensure stabilization of oil markets for all

What is NAFTA?

North American Free Trade Agreement

When was NAFTA established?

1994

What did the establishment of NAFTA do?

Eliminated tariff

How many members are in NAFTA?

3 current members (USA, Canada, Mexico)

What are the current NAFTA goals?

(1) Free trade between member countries and (2) promote economic growth of North America

What is NATO?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

When was NATO established (and why)?

1949 (as a response to the start of the Cold War)

How many members are in NATO?

29 current members

What are the current NATO goals?

Guarantee the freedom and security of its members through political and military means

(Article 5: an attack on one is an attack on all)

What is the AU?

African Union

When was AU established?

2002 (as a replacement to the organization of the African Unity from the 1960s)

How many members are in the AU?

55 current members (all of Africa, including the Western Sahara)

What are the current AU goals?

(1) Pan-africanism, (2) encourage international cooperation, (3) promote peace/security/stability, (4) and promote sustainable development at the economic, social, and cultural levels as well as the integration of African economies

When (and where) was the Arctic Council established?

1996 (in Ottawa)

How many members are in the Arctic Council?

8 current members (Canada, Denmark, USA, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, and Sweden)

What are the current Arctic Council goals?

(1) Promoting cooperation on issues of sustainable development and environmental protection in the Arctic, (2) and monitors the Arctic environment to provide scientific advice for pollution and climate change

How many Arctic Circle organizations represent indigenous populations?

6