WRONG ANSWERS - SKULL, SPINE, FACIAL BONES

True or False: For an RPO of the C-Spine, the head can be rotated 15° or in lateral position

False

1 multiple choice option

The spinal canal starts at the base of the skull & ends at:

the sacrum

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following should be seen on an AP Axial Projection of the C-Spine? (Choose all that apply)

- C2-C7

- base of the skull & mandible superimposed

- open intervertebral disk spaces

- base of the skull & mandible superimposed

- open intervertebral disk spaces

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following applies to the sacral canal?

(Choose all that apply)

- it continues down through the entire sacrum

- it is a passageway for blood vessels & nerves

- it is posterior to the body of the first sacral segment

- it continues down through the entire sacrum

- it is a passageway for blood vessels & nerves

- it is posterior to the body of the first sacral segment

2 multiple choice options

True or False: The Eustachian tube connects the inner ear to the nasopharynx

False

1 multiple choice option

What positioning line should be parallel to the IR/Bucky/table for an SMV of the Zygomatic Arches?

IOML

3 multiple choice options

For a PA Parietocanthial (Waters) of the sinuses, what positioning line is perpendicular to the IR/Bucky/Table?

MML

3 multiple choice options

which processes of the maxillae form the anterior part of the hard palate?

palatine

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following are/is the smallest facial bones?

lacrimal

3 multiple choice options

For an axiolateral oblique of the TMJ (modified Law method), which of the following applies?

head rotated 15° toward table/Bucky; CR angled 15° caudal

3 multiple choice options

What sinuses are best demonstrated on a PA (Caldwell) projection?

frontal & ethmoid

3 multiple choice options

At which vertebral level does the spinal cord terminate?

L1

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following structures are visualized on a horizontal beam (trauma) lateral of the C-Spine?

(Choose all that apply)

- zygapophyseal joints

- intervertebral foramina

- spinous processes

- articular pillars

- zygapophyseal joints

- spinous processes

- articular pillars

2 multiple choice options

True or False: 100cm is the preferred SID for obliques of the C-Spine

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following should be seen on a Cervicothoracic projection?

C5-T3

3 multiple choice options

Which cervical vertebrae do not have bifid spinous processes?

(Choose all that apply)

- C1

- C2

- C7

- C1

- C7

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following should be employed when doing an AP T-Spine?

(Choose all that apply)

- if done recumbent, flex the knees & hips

- employ a breathing technique (3-4 sec. exposure time)

- ensure that the thoracolumbar region is under the cathode side of the tube

- if done recumbent, flex the knees & hips

- ensure that the thoracolumbar region is under the cathode side of the tube

2 multiple choice options

A correctly positioned PA axial (Caldwell) skull should demonstrate the petrous pyramids in the upper 1/3 of the orbits

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is a passageway for the nerves of hearing & balance found in the petrous portion of the temporal bone?

Internal acoustic meatus

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following structures are demonstrated on a PA Skull?

(Choose all that apply)

- frontal bone

- crista galli

- occipital bone

- internal auditory canals

- frontal bone

- crista galli

- internal auditory canals

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following cranial bones are best demonstrated on an AP axial (Townes) projection?

occipital

3 multiple choice options

True or False: Nerves & blood vessels that supply the upper lip & cheeks pass through the mental foramina

False

1 multiple choice option

What cranial bones compose part of the orbits?

(Choose all that apply)

- ethmoid

- sphenoid

- frontal

- lacrimal

- ethmoid

- sphenoid

- frontal

2 multiple choice options

What is the term used to describe the end of the spinal cord where it tapers to a point?

Conus Medullaris

1 multiple choice option

Which joint allows for flexion & extension of the head?

atlantooccipital

2 multiple choice options

What structures pass through the intervertebral foramina?

(Choose all that apply)

- blood vessels

- spinal cord

- spinal nerves

- blood vessels

- spinal nerves

2 multiple choice options

Name the ligament that holds the odontoid against the anterior arch of C1

Transverse atlantal ligament

2 multiple choice options

At what level should the CR enter for a swimmer's position of the C-Spine?

vertebra prominens

3 multiple choice options

True or False: The cervical spine is convex from the posterior surface of the body

False

1 multiple choice option

Functions of the CSF include:

(Choose all that apply)

- cushions the spinal cord

- brings nutrients to the cord

- removal of wastes

- cushions the spinal cord

- brings nutrients to the cord

- removal of wastes

2 multiple choice options

For a lateral C-Spine, which of the following applies?

(Choose all that apply)

- arms at the sides in a relaxed position

- top of IR 1"-2" below EAM

- head is in lateral position

- arms at the sides in a relaxed position

- head is in lateral position

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following are functions of the spine?

(Choose all that apply)

- protects the spinal cord

- produces CSF

- supports the head & trunk

- protects the spinal cord

- supports the head & trunk

2 multiple choice options

Where should the CR enter for an AP Fuchs projections of C1/C2?

Inferior tip of the mandible

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following are characteristics of the sacrum?

(Choose all that apply)

- shovel-shaped

- apex that points inferiorly & anteriorly

- convex anterior surface

- shovel-shaped

- apex that points inferiorly & anteriorly

2 multiple choice options

True or False: the ethmoid sinuses are located in the body of the ethmoid bone

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is a support for the pons & connects the sphenoid to the occipital bone?

clivus

3 multiple choice options

For a PA mandible, what positioning line should be perpendicular to the IR?

OML

3 multiple choice options

For an AP Axial of the facial bones, the CR should be angled:

15° cephalic

3 multiple choice options

For a PA (Caldwell) Sinuses, which of the following applies?

(Choose all that apply)

- CR angled 15° caudad

- forehead & nose against the IR

- chin elevated until OML 15° from horizontal

- forehead & nose against the IR

- chin elevated until OML 15° from horizontal

2 multiple choice options

For a parieto-orbital oblique orbit (Rhese method), the head is positioned so that the _________ is perpendicular to the IR.

AML

3 multiple choice options

True or False: The articulations between the teeth & the maxillae/mandible are considered diarthrodial, with a structurally gomphosis type of fibrous joint

False

1 multiple choice option

True or False: The TMJ is formed by an articulation of the temporomandibular fossa of the temporal bone & the coronoid process of the mandible

False

1 multiple choice option

When performing a panorex of the mandible, what positioning line should be placed parallel to the floor?

IOML

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following are unique to some or all of the cervical vertebrae?

(Choose all that apply)

- transverse foramina

- bifid spinous process

- overlapping vertebral bodies

- transverse foramina

- bifid spinous process

- overlapping vertebral bodies

2 multiple choice options

For radiography of the C-Spine, the patient should be instructed to remove which of the following items?

(Choose all that apply)

- necklace

- earrings

- hearing aid

- necklace

- earrings

- hearing aid

2 multiple choice options

True or False: The atlantooccipital joints are found between the superior articular processes & facets of the C2 & the condyles of the occipital bone of the skull

False

1 multiple choice option

A ______ curve of the vertebral column develops when a child begins to walk

compensatory

3 multiple choice options

True or False: When positioning the head for an AP Axial C-Spine, a line from the lower margin of the upper incisors to the mastoid tip should be parallel to the IR

False

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is the inner aspect of the intervertebral disk?

nucleus pulposus

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following features are unique to the thoracic vertebrae?

(Choose all that apply)

- overlapping vertebral bodies

- spinous processes that project sharply inferior

- facets and demifacets for rib articulation

- spinous processes that project sharply inferior

- facets and demifacets for rib articulation

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following is true in regards to the intervertebral joints of the lumbar spine?

(Choose all that apply)

- they contain fibrocartilaginous disks

- they are diarthrodial

- they are located between the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae

- they contain fibrocartilaginous disks

- they are located between the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following are features of the lumbar vertebrae?

(Choose all that apply)

- larger in size than cervical & thoracic

- blunt spinous processes that extend horizontally posterior

- fairly small transverse processes

- larger in size than cervical & thoracic

- blunt spinous processes that extend horizontally posterior

- fairly small transverse processes

2 multiple choice options

Where would kyphosis most likely be present?

thoracic spine

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following applies to a PA Scoliosis series image?

(Choose all that apply)

- lower margin of the IR should be placed 1"-2" below the iliac crest

- the image is taken on expiration

- the patient is erect with no shoes or socks on

- lower margin of the IR should be placed 1"-2" below the iliac crest

- the image is taken on expiration

- the patient is erect with no shoes or socks on

2 multiple choice options

The ______ corresponds to the "ear" of the Scottie dog

superior articular process

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following applies to positioning for a lateral L-Spine

(Choose all that apply)

- patient is in a lateral recumbent position with knees flexed

- there should be no rotation of the hips & shoulders

- the short axis of the spine would be parallel to the IR

- arms up in the front with elbows flexed

- patient is in a lateral recumbent position with knees flexed

- there should be no rotation of the hips & shoulders

- arms up in the front with elbows flexed

2 multiple choice options

Where should the CR enter for a posterior oblique of an SI Joint?

1" medial to the upside ASIS

3 multiple choice options

True or False: For a lateral L5/S1 image taken without waist support, the Cr should be angled 5°-8° cephalic

False

1 multiple choice option

True or False: A correctly positioned lateral L-Spine should demonstrate the greater sciatic notches superimposed

True

1 multiple choice option

True or False: If recumbent, the legs should be extended when performing an AP L-Spine

False

1 multiple choice option

The __________ is the anterior ridge of the sacrum that forms the posterior wall of the pelvic inlet

promontory

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following applies to an AP axial (Caldwell) skull?

(Choose all that apply)

- OML perpendicular to the IR

- CR angled 15° cephalad

- CR enters nasion

- OML perpendicular to the IR

- CR angled 15° cephalad

- CR enters nasion

2 multiple choice options

True or False: The skull is made up of 8 facial bones & 14 cranial bones

False

1 multiple choice option

For a lateral skull, which of the following should be perpendicular to the IR?

IPL

3 multiple choice options

In what part of the ear is the cochlea, vestibule, & semicircular canals located?

inner

2 multiple choice options

_________ are scroll-shaped projections within the ethmoid bone

superior & middle nasal conchae

2 multiple choice options

True or False: Cranial sutures are amphiarthrodial fibrous joints in adults

False

1 multiple choice option

For an axiolateral TMJ (Schuller method), the CR should enter _____ to the upside EAM

2" superior

3 multiple choice options

What triangular-shaped bone forms the inferoposterior part of the nasal septum?

vomer

3 multiple choice options

Which projection/position of the facial bones is ideal for demonstrating fractures of the orbits?

PA modified parietoacanthial

3 multiple choice options

Which orbital opening serves as a passageway for the maxillary branch of the cranial nerves that serve the cheek, nose, upper lip, & teeth?

Inferior orbital fissure

3 multiple choice options

For an axiolateral oblique mandible, the CR should be angled _____ cephalic if the head is lateral

25°

3 multiple choice options

What part of the mandible supports the lower teeth?

alveolar process

3 multiple choice options

True or False: for an axiolateral TMJ (Schuller method), the CR is angled 25°-30° cephalad

False

1 multiple choice option

True or False: The LML should be perpendicular to the IR for a PA modified parietoacanthial facial bones

True

1 multiple choice option

Which projection/position demonstrates all 4 groups of sinuses?

lateral

3 multiple choice options

Sinuses within the skull serve to:

(Choose all that apply)

- produce mucus to moisten inhaled air

- provide resonance for voice

- lighten the skull

- produce mucus to moisten inhaled air

- provide resonance for voice

- lighten the skull

2 multiple choice options

What degree of rotation on the axiolateral oblique of the mandible best demonstrates the body?

30°

2 multiple choice options

True or False: the maxillary bones are the largest immovable bones of the face

True

1 multiple choice option

True or False: The inferior nasal conchae are scroll-shaped facial bones that divide the nasal cavities into various compartments

True

1 multiple choice option

For an AP Axial Mandible, the CR should be angled:

35° caudad

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following should be superimposed on a correctly positioned lateral of the facial bones?

(Choose all that apply)

- mandibular rami

- sella turcica

- orbital plates

- mandibular rami

- sella turcica

- orbital plates

2 multiple choice options

if correctly positioned, where should the petrous ridges appear for a PA parietoacanthial (Waters)?

just inferior to the maxillary sinuses

3 multiple choice options