Disaster Management and Public Safety Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the definitions of various disasters, fire safety classifications, emergency protocols, and crime prevention basics as outlined in the NSTP-CWTS reference text.

Disaster

The impact of natural or man-made events which have adverse effects to life, property and economic activities resulting in temporary or permanent changes to both social and physical environments.

Lahar

Solid elements spewed into the air by a volcano that can pollute air and water resources and damage top soil.

Lava

Molten solid elements released by a volcano that move out of the crater and destroy everything in their path.

Tsunami

A chain of fast moving huge waves commonly caused by the eruption of underwater volcanoes, earthquakes, or the impact of meteorites.

Tropical Cyclone

A storm system that produces strong winds and torrential rain, feeding on heat released when moist air rises resulting in condensation.

Flood

The rising of water level in a particular area resulting from high volume of rainwater and a lack of efficient drainage or relief systems.

Flashflood

Huge volume of flood waters moving freely towards lower grounds with strong force due to the absence of natural barriers like trees and plants.

Landslide

The immediate cascading of huge volume of soil particles from higher ground to the lower level, often caused by strong water currents or absence of tree roots.

Drought

A condition in which the soil dries up, commonly caused by intense heat, absence of rainfall, or contamination of mineral salts and chemicals.

Epidemic

The outbreak of diseases involving a large volume of population in a certain area, often due to lack of potable water or health services.

Armed Conflict and Civil Unrest

Encounters between hostile forces that, when occurring in civilian areas, result in loss of life, injury, and displacement of inhabitants.

Earthquake

Sudden seismic ground-shaking movement often caused by the movement of tectonic plates or volcanic activities.

Pacific Ring of Fire

The geographic region where the Philippines is located, characterized by frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.

Fire

The rapid oxidation of matter accompanied by heat, requiring three essential elements to exist.

Flashpoint

The amount of time and heat needed to cause the burning of an object.

Flammable

Materials with a lower flashpoint that can contract fire with even a slight spark.

Combustible

Materials that take more time and more intense heat to burn compared to flammable materials.

Oxygen (Fire Element)

An essential element of fire where only $16\%$ is needed for a fire to start.

Heat (Fire Element)

An essential element of fire that transforms an object into another phase.

Fuel (Fire Element)

Solid, liquid, or gas elements that feed the fire.

Class A Fire

Fire originating from ordinary combustible materials, usually extinguished using water for cooling.

Class B Fire

Fire originating from flammable and combustible liquid, extinguished by removing oxygen or fuel using chemical agents, sand, or soil.

Class C Fire

Fire originating from electrically charged or mechanical devices, extinguished by removing oxygen or fuel to prevent electrocution.

Conduction

Fire behavior where fire moves through direct contact between a burning object and another material.

Convection

Fire behavior where fire transfers through hot vapor moving upward toward objects at a higher place.

Radiation

Fire behavior where heat waves cause the movement of fire from one burning object to another located further away.

Arson

The deliberate burning of any property.

S.A.F.E.

Fire response acronym: Sound the alarm, Advise the fire department, Fight the fire, and Evacuate.

P.A.S.S.

Fire extinguisher usage acronym: Pull the pin, Aim the nozzle, Squeeze the lever, and Sweep side by side.

Crime

The commission or omission of an act prohibited or compelled by law, punishable by a proceeding brought in the name of the government.

Crime Prevention

An act done to ensure that a crime does not happen.