(Ch1) Introductory Anatomy and Physiology (copy)

Anatomy

Defined as 'form and structure', considered the unchanging part of study.

Physiology

Defined as 'function', dealing with how structures work and interact within the body.

Microscopic Anatomy

Requires a microscope to see structures, includes histology and cytology.

Gross Anatomy

The investigation of structures visible to the naked eye.

Systemic Anatomy

The study of specific organ systems.

Homeostasis

The body's ability to respond to stimuli and maintain acceptable limits.

Negative Feedback Loop

A mechanism that negates a stimulus to maintain homeostasis.

Positive Feedback Loop

A mechanism that reinforces a stimulus to achieve a specific end point.

Metabolism

The process of breaking down (catabolism) and building up (anabolism) substances.

Receptor (Receiver)

Component of a feedback loop that perceives the problem or change.

Control Center (Interpreter)

Component of a feedback loop that interprets the message and decides on a response.

Effector (Fixer)

part of feedback loop that addresses the issue and brings about change.

Embryology

The study of developmental changes from fertilization to birth.

Pathophysiology

The study of how disease affects body systems.

The Five-Criteria Rule for Life

Criteria that must be met for an organism to be considered alive.