Comprehensive Review of Erikson, Piaget, and Kohlberg Theories in Developmental Psychology

What stage of Erikson's theory occurs from birth to 1 year and focuses on trust?

Trust vs Mistrust (0-1 year)

Which Erikson stage involves toddlers developing independence?

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt (1-3 years)

Which Erikson stage involves young children taking initiative?

Initiative vs Guilt (3-6 years)

Which Erikson stage focuses on competence in school-age children?

Industry vs Inferiority (6-12 years)

Which Erikson stage involves identity development in adolescence?

Identity vs Role Confusion (12-18 years)

Which Erikson stage focuses on forming close relationships in young adulthood?

Intimacy vs Isolation (young adulthood)

Which Erikson stage focuses on contributing to society in middle adulthood?

Generativity vs Stagnation (middle adulthood)

Which Erikson stage involves reflecting on life in late adulthood?

Integrity vs Despair (late adulthood)

What stage of Piaget's theory occurs from birth to age 2 and involves learning through senses?

Sensorimotor stage (0-2 years)

What is the key concept learned in the sensorimotor stage?

Object permanence

Which Piaget stage involves imagination and egocentrism?

Preoperational stage (2-7 years)

What is egocentrism in Piaget's theory?

Inability to see things from another's perspective

Which Piaget stage involves logical thinking about concrete objects?

Concrete operational stage (7-11 years)

What is conservation in Piaget's theory?

Understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape

Which Piaget stage involves abstract thinking?

Formal operational stage (11+ years)

What are the three levels of Kohlberg's moral reasoning theory?

Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional

In Kohlberg's preconventional level, how are decisions made?

Based on avoiding punishment and gaining rewards

In Kohlberg's conventional level, how are decisions made?

Based on following rules and gaining approval

In Kohlberg's postconventional level, how are decisions made?

Based on personal ethics and moral principles

Which Piaget stage involves a baby learning that a toy still exists even when hidden?

Sensorimotor stage

What concept describes a child believing everyone sees the world the same way they do?

Egocentrism (Preoperational stage)

What is it called when a child understands that water in different shaped cups is still the same amount?

Conservation (Concrete operational stage)

Which Piaget stage allows a teenager to think about abstract ideas like justice?

Formal operational stage

Which Erikson stage is characterized by a toddler insisting 'I can do it myself'?

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt

What Erikson stage involves a teenager struggling with their identity and future?

Identity vs Role Confusion

Which Erikson stage focuses on an adult helping others and contributing to society?

Generativity vs Stagnation

What Erikson stage involves an older adult reflecting on their life with satisfaction or regret?

Integrity vs Despair

Which Kohlberg level describes a child behaving well to avoid punishment?

Preconventional

What Kohlberg level involves a person following laws because they believe rules should be obeyed?

Conventional

Which level of Kohlberg's theory involves making decisions based on personal moral principles, even if laws disagree?

Postconventional