Lab 10Review of Nematoda, Tardigrada, and Arthropoda

A series of vocabulary flashcards to help study key terms related to the phyla Nematoda, Tardigrada, and various groups within Arthropoda.

Nematoda

A phylum of roundworms, known for being pseudocoelomates.

Vinegar eels

Common name for Panagrellus redivivus, a free-living nematode.

Ascaris lumbricoides

A parasitic roundworm known to infect humans.

pH variation

The capacity of vinegar eels to tolerate changes in pH levels.

Tardigrada

A phylum commonly known as water bears, known for their resilience in extreme environments.

Tagmatization

The process of fusion of adjacent segments into functional regions in arthropods.

Ecdysozoans

Organisms that undergo ecdysis, or shedding of the exoskeleton.

Chitinous exoskeleton

A tough outer shell made primarily of chitin, found in many arthropods.

Arthropoda

The largest animal phylum, characterized by segmented bodies and jointed appendages.

Myriapoda

A subphylum of arthropods that includes millipedes and centipedes.

Hexapoda

A subphylum that includes insects, characterized by six legs.

Holometabolous lifecycle

A lifecycle that includes distinct larval and adult stages, with a pupal stage.

Hemimetabolous lifecycle

A lifecycle with no pupal stage, where nymphs resemble adults.

Remipedia

A class within Crustacea, known for their unique morphology.

Chelicerata

A subphylum of arthropods that lack antennae and possess chelicerae.

Merostomata

A class of Chelicerata that includes horseshoe crabs.

Arachnida

A class of Chelicerata that includes spiders, scorpions, and ticks.

Mouthparts

Feeding structures in arthropods; modified across various classes.

Millipedes

Myriapods characterized by two pairs of legs per body segment.

Centipedes

Myriapods characterized by one pair of legs per body segment and being carnivorous.

Compound eyes

Eyes made up of numerous tiny lenses found in many arthropods.

Spiracle

An external opening for respiration found in some arthropods.

Ocellus

A simple eye used for sensing light in many arthropods.

Entognatha

Class of wingless hexapods with mouthparts retracted into their head.

Insecta

Class of hexapod arthropods that includes the majority of terrestrial animals.

Tagmata

Functional body regions formed from fused segments in arthropods.

Cercus

A sensory appendage located at the rear of some arthropods.

Nymph

An immature form of an insect in the hemimetabolous lifecycle.

Pupa

The stage of development between larva and adult in holometabolous insects.

Imago

The final, winged stage of an insect after metamorphosis.

Shredders

Organisms that feed on decaying plant matter, like some millipedes.

Sucking mouthparts

Mouthparts specialized for feeding on liquids, found in Hemiptera.

Stridulation

Sound production by rubbing body parts together, observed in Orthoptera.

Palps

Sensory appendages near the mouth of some arthropods, aiding in feeding.

Chelipeds

The first pair of walking legs in crayfish, modified as pincers.

Holometabola

Insects that undergo complete metamorphosis.

Antennae

Sensory appendages on insects and some arthropods.

Maxilla

Mouthpart used for manipulating food in arthropods.

Gills

Respiratory structures in aquatic arthropods like crayfish.

Abdomen

The hind section of an arthropod's body that often contains digestive organs.

Cephalothorax

The fused head and thorax region found in crustaceans.

Swimmerets

Appendages used for swimming in crustaceans.

Ganglion

A cluster of nerve cell bodies in arthropods.

Green gland

An excretory structure in crayfish.

Fossil

Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.

Exoskeleton

A rigid external covering that supports and protects an organism.

Axial skeleton

The central part of the body skeleton, absent in arthropods.

Symmetry

How body structure is arranged around an axis, as in bilateral symmetry in arthropods.

Antennae

Sensory structures that aid in navigation and environmental sensing.

Holometabolic insects

Insects that go through distinct phases of lifecycle including larva, pupa, and adult.