Neuroplasticity and Neurorehabilitation

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to neuroplasticity and neurorehabilitation techniques, primarily used in occupational therapy.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

Rood was developed when and by who

1950s by Margaret rood

Brunnstrom was developed when and by who

Signe Brunnstrom in the 1950s

Who was motor control and learning developed by

Several contributors

Who was PNF developed by

Dr. Herman Kabat

Who was NDT developed by

Dr. Karen and Berta Bobath

Roods FOR

Principles and components

Roods principle 1

Utilizes developmental sequence

Roods principle 2

Emphasizes normalizing muscle tone

utilizing ______ and ______ patterns are essential

Flexion, extension

Roods principle 4

Repetition is crucial

Motor patterns should be ______ or ______ in an _______ context

Learned, relearned, occupational

Component os Roods

Reciprocal innervation, Co-contraction, Heaving work, skill

Roods Facilitatory techniques

heaving joint compressions

Manual resistance to a body part

Quick stretch

Tapping

Vibration

Fast brushing

Vestibular simulation (fast movment)

Roods inhibitory techniques

Neutral warmth

Slow stroking

Light joint compression

Vestibular stimulation (slow movement)

Tendon pressure (light tendon contraction)

Prolonged stretch

Inhibitory technique is use for what

Rigidity, Hypertonicity, and to decrease muscle tone

Brunnstrom FOR

Assumptions

For Brunnstrom motor return is always what

Proximal to distal

For Brunnstrom

Progress can be _____ or ______ through stages, progress can cease at __ _______

Slow, rapid, any stage

Brunnstrom Assumptions

______ of primitive movement patterns are first then ______

Flexion, extension

For Brunnstro

________ of _______ movement is first then _______ movement

Recovery reflexive, isolated

Brunnstrom

Achieve _____ motor movement first then progress to ______, _______ movement

Gross, isolated, selective

Brunnstrom

Use of _______ and _________ stimulus and ________ are faciliatory

Cutaneous, proprioceptive, reflexes,

For Brunnstrom assumption are stages of recovery discrete?

No, a client may show movement patterns of 2 stages at once

Brunnstrom

Practice of ______ patterns within the context of daily activities promotes _______ _______

Movement, motor recovery

Brunnstrom Assessments

Sensory texting

Associated reactions and reflexes ( tonic reflexes in particular)

Presence of limbs synergies

Amount of voluntary movement a client can generate

Tests of motor speed

Pretension ability in the hand

What does “Pretension ability in the hand” mean

10% of movement in the hand means there is a high chance of recovery

For Brunnstrom stage of recovery for stroke what should the levels focus on for 1-3

Gaining control of some synergy

Motor control and learning

Key principles and intervention strategies

Key principles for Motor C and L

Learning theory

Task analysis

Closed vs open tasks

Motor skill acquisition

Focus on function

Intervention strategies for Motor c and l

Practice, feedback, task-oriented activites, visuals and verbal prompts

PNF critical concepts

Resistance

Stretch

Irradiation

Traction or approximation

Body position\mechanics

Irradiation

Strengthening stimuli across longer surface areas

NDT Key concepts

Treating the individual as whole

Individualized intervention

Human movement is organized around functional activity

Hands on intervention process to enhance functional outcomes

Interdisciplinary approach

Active participation

NDT principles

Who, what why how

Amount of muscle contraction

Timing of movement

Clients reaction to being movement

Breathing

For Brunnstrom stage of recovery for stroke what should the levels focus on for 4-6

Master and modify synergies

Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT)

A therapeutic approach that focuses on treating the individual as a whole with hands-on intervention.