Lecture 3 - Bacterial Organisms P2

Gram negative cocci (3)

• .neisseria gonorrhoeae

• neisseria meningitidis

• moraxella catarrhalis

Gram negative bacilli (7)

• haemophilus influenzae

• bordetella pertusis

• leionella pneumophila

• pseudomonas aeruginosa

• acinetobacter baumannii

• stenotrophomonas maltophilia

• enterobacteriaceae

What are the main types of Neisseria that causse disease?

• N. gonorrhoeae

• N. meningitidis

Neisseria types

1. N.gonorrhoeae

2. N. meningitidis

N. gonorrhoeae identificaiton

• grey glistening colonies

• oxidase +

• gram negative diplococci

What is the natural habitat of Neiseria gonorrhoeae?

• always a pathogen in humans, found on mucosal surfaces (GU tract)

How is gonorrhea transmitted?

Sexual transmission

What is the natural habitat of N.meningitidis?

• throat

• nasopharynx

• 10% population are asymptomatic carriers

• respiratory droplet transmission

What are associated infections of N. meningitidis?

• meningitis

• meningococcemia

N. gonorrhoeae symptoms in males

• symptomatic

• painful urination and pus

N. gonnorhoeae symptoms in females

• often asymptomatic

• can infect cervice and other parts of the uterus

• can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and lead to sterility if undetected

Identification of N. meningitidis?

• Gram negative diplococcus

• oxidase +

• similar to N. gonorrhoeae

What does N. meeningitids cause?

• severe disease → menintis , meningococcemia or both

• fever, headache, stiff neck, photobhobia, vomitting, muscle aches

• progress rapidly to shock and potentially death (Even as fast as 6 hours)

• those living in close contact are at risk

• prompt tx and prophylaxis of contacts can save lives

What type of Moraxela causes clinical disease?

Moraxella catarrhalis

Natural habitat of moraxella catarhalis

• upper resp tract of humans

Common associated infections

• ear infections, sinusitis, exacerbation COPD

Types of haemophilus

influenzae

natural habiitat of haemophilus

upper resp tract or via respiratory droplets

Associated infections with haemophilus

• ear infections

• sinusitis

• conjectivities

• pneumonia

• epiglottis

• sepsis

• meningitis

• nutriotionally fastidious

• resemble elongated cocci