integumentary system

Function of Meissner's (tactile) corpuscle?

Light touch

Location of Meissner's corpuscles?

Papillary layer of dermis

function of Pacinian (lamellar) corpuscle?

Deep pressure / deep touch

Location of Pacinian corpuscles?

Reticular layer of dermis

Function of arrector pili muscle?

causes hair to stand up (goosebumps)

Function of sebaceous gland?

Secretes sebum to lubricate hair and skin

What is sebum?

Oil produced by sebaceous glands

Function of apocrine sweat glands?

• Produce thicker sweat

• Activated by emotion/stress

• Cause body odor

Location of apocrine sweat glands?

• Axillary region (armpits)

• Anogenital/groin region

Function of eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands?

• Thermoregulation (cooling)

• Secrete water and electrolytes

Location of eccrine (merocrine) glands?

Throughout the body

Keratinocyte

• Produces keratin

• Waterproof barrier

Function of ceruminous glands?

• produce earwax (cerumen)

• Protection

Melanocyte

• Produces melanin

• UV protection

• Skin color

Langerhans cell

• immune defense

• Related to WBCs

Merkel cell

Light touch receptor

What are the two layers of the dermis?

• Papillary layer

• Reticular layer

Which dermal layer is more superficial?

Papillary layer

Which dermal layer is deeper?

Reticular layer

What type of connective tissue is found in the papillary layer?

Areolar connective tissue

What structures are found in the papillary layer?

• Dermal papillae

• Meissner's corpuscles

Function of dermal papillae?

• increase surface area

• Create fingerprints

What type of connective tissue is most abundant in the reticular layer?

Dense irregular connective tissue

What structures are found in the reticular layer?

• Pacinian corpuscles

• Arrector pili muscles

• Hair follicles

• Sweat glands

• Sebaceous glands

what are the functions of the integumentary system?

• Thermoregulation

• Protection

• Detection of stimuli

• Excretion

• Vitamin D synthesis

How does the integumentary system help with thermoregulation?

sweating

How does the skin protect the body?

• Physical barrier

• Chemical barrier

• Prevents dehydration

• Protects against UV radiation

Why is the skin considered a sensory organ?

Detects stimuli (touch, pressure, temperature, pain)

What is excretion?

• Removal of liquid waste through sweat

How is Vitamin D produced in the skin?

1. UV light hits 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin

2. It becomes cholecalciferol

3. Cholecalciferol enters the blood and travels to the liver

4. It is converted into calcitriol (Vitamin D)