Cerebrovascular Disease Lecture Notes

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to cerebrovascular disease and strokes.

Cerebrovascular Disease

A disease that affects blood vessels in the brain, leading to events such as stroke.

Anastomose

To connect or join together; in this context, it refers to the interconnection of blood vessels for collateral flow.

Circle of Willis

A circular system of arteries at the base of the brain, connecting the anterior and posterior circulations.

Ischemia

A condition where there is insufficient blood supply to an organ or part, causing a shortage of oxygen and nutrients.

Embolism

A blockage in a blood vessel caused by a clot that has traveled from elsewhere in the body.

Aneurysm

A weak or bulging area in a blood vessel that can lead to bleeding if it ruptures.

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

A temporary decrease in blood flow to a specific region of the brain, causing short-lived symptoms similar to a stroke.

Cortex

The outer layer of brain tissue that plays an important role in processing sensory information and higher brain functions.

Contralateral

Relating to the opposite side; paralysis on one side of the body due to brain injury on the opposite side.

Aphasia

A language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by bleeding in the brain due to a ruptured blood vessel.

Hypertension

High blood pressure, a significant risk factor for strokes.

Plaque

A buildup of substances in arteries, often leading to atherosclerosis.

Collateral Circulation

Alternative pathways of blood flow that can prevent ischemia when a primary route is blocked.

Modalities of Stroke

Includes ischaemic strokes (blockages) and hemorrhagic strokes (bleeding).

Hemorrhagic Complications

Injuries that lead to bleeding within the brain, potentially causing increased intracranial pressure.

Cognitive Impairment

Reduced ability to think, learn, or remember, often resulting from damage to the brain.