LIT CRIT

Base

It refers to the economic foundation of society.

Material Dialectic

The belief that historical change is driven by the economic realities of society's base, leading to contradictions, tensions, and revolutions that shape a new social order.

Revolution

Ongoing class conflicts culminate in upheaval and revolution by the oppressed, aiming to establish a new societal and economic structure, typically led by the working class.

Communism

A system of government based on public ownership of property, closely associated with Marxist ideology.

Bourgeoisie

Members of the middle class characterized by materialistic and conventional values.

Proletariat

The working class individuals in society.

Ideology

Shared beliefs and values that shape a culture, often influenced by economic factors according to Marxists.

Hegemony

The pervasive system of assumptions and values that shape a culture's reality, coined by Antonio Gramsci.

Reification

The process of turning people into commodities for market exchange, often seen in media's treatment of tragic events.

Patriarchy

A social system where men hold dominant positions of power.

Freudian Theory

Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory involving the unconscious mind composed of the Id, Ego, and Superego.

Jungian Psychoanalytic Theory

Carl Jung's analytical psychology theory involving components like the Self, Ego, Shadow, Animus/Anima, and Persona.

Formalism

Literary approach focusing on elements like plot, character, setting, diction, imagery, structure, and point of view, treating each work as distinct and independent from its context.

Amador Daguio

Filipino writer known for works like "Hudhud hi Aliguyon" and "The Woman Who Looked Out the Window," born in 1912 in Laoag, Ilocos Norte.

Moral Criticism

Concerned with evaluating the moral values and ethics presented in a work based on personal beliefs or moral code.

Dramatic Constructions

Elements in a play or literature that contribute to its success in achieving certain objectives.

Dante Alighieri

Italian poet known for "The Divine Comedy," a journey through Inferno, Purgatory, and Paradiso, featuring vivid descriptions of the nine circles of Hell.

Literary Movements

Groupings of writers sharing similar aims, years of publication, and a base of operations, such as the Metaphysical, Augustan, Romantic, Symbolist, and Modernist movements.

Ecocriticism

Concerned with how an individual relates to their environment or how the environment helps to create the individual.

Dehumanization

Efface individuality - focus on machines or other inanimate objects rather than nature or humans.

Harlem Renaissance Movement

Created in the first half of the 20th century, after World War I, during the movement of African Americans to northern industrial cities (called the Great Migration).

Postmodernist Movement

Developed in the second half of the 20th century, characterized by parody, irony, and narrative instability.

Beat Movement

Post-World War II phenomenon with a deep connection to nature and a mix of satirical, angry, tender, and meditative tones.

Confessional Movement

Emphasized personal pronouns and explored intimate content, revealing doubts and anxieties of suburban America.

New York School Movement

Overlapped with Beat spontaneity and confessional-poet frankness, focused on surreal combinations of high and popular art allusions.

Black Arts Movement

Associated with the Black Power movement, politically charged and challenging to white establishments.

Literary Periods

Spans of time for literature that share intellectual, linguistic, religious, and artistic influences.

Literary Criticism

The exercise of judgment on works of literature, involving the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literary pieces.

Principles of Literary Criticism

The principles include Truth, Symmetry, and Idealization, focusing on the elements of matter, manner, and aesthetic pleasure in literary works.

Types of Literary Criticism

Various types include Legislative, Judicial, Theoretical, Evaluative, Historical, Biographical, Comparative, Descriptive, Impressionistic, Textual, Psychological, Sociologic and Marxist, and Archetypal criticism.

Phases of Literary Criticism

The phases include Hellenic, Hellenistic, Greco-Roman, Dark Middle Ages, Renaissance, Neo-Classical, Romantic, Victorian, and Modern Age phases, each characterized by different movements and notable critics.

Superstructure

It encompasses politics, law, philosophy, religion, and art built upon the economic base.