ACTIVITY 6 - Carbohydrates and Related Compounds

Beta vulgaris L. (Amaranthaceae)

• Common name: Sugar beet

• Part used: Whole plant

• Uses: Psychiatric issues/antimicrobial, antioxidant

• Constituents: Sucrose, betalains, phenolics

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Convulvulaceae)

• Common name: Sweet potato

• Part used: Tubers and leaves

• Uses: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic

• Constituents: Polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, sterols, tannins

Manihot esculenta (Crantz.) (Euphorbiaceae)

• Common name: Cassava

• Part used: Leaves, tubers, seeds,

• Uses: Hypertension, celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome

• Constituents: Cyanogenic glycodes - linamarin and lotaaustralin

Astragalus gummifier L. (Fabaceae)

• Common name: Tragacanth

• Part used: Stems and branches, gum

• Uses: Antibacterial, anti-cancer/Emulsifier, suspending agent

• Constituents: Tragacanthic acid, arabinogalactan, bassorin

Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. (Fabaceae)

• Common name: Guar

• Part used: Mature beans, leaves, gum

• Uses: Treatment for high cholesterol, antidiabetic/Food product storage stabilizer and additive

• Constituents: Flavonoids, isoflavonoids, polysaccharides

Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton

• Common name: Acacia

• Part used: Entire plant

• Uses: Laxative, treatment for diarrhea, colds

• Constituents: Saponins, tannins, flavonoids

Phylum rhodophyta - Gracilariaceae

• Common name:Japanese isinglass/agar-agar

• Part used: Entire algae

• Uses: Emulsifying agent, treating constipation

• Constituents: Agarose, agaropectin

Chondrus crispus Stackhouse (Gigartinaceae)

• Common name: Irish moss

• Part used: Carrageenan from the entire thallus

• Uses: Antioxidant, neuroprotective, muscoadhesive

• Constituents: Phenolics, flavonoids, tannins

Linum usitatissimum L. (Linaceae)

• Common name: Flax

• Part used: Seeds, stem

• Uses: Seeds for culinary dishes, linseed oil, production of linen and textiles

• Constituents: Lignans, cellulose, fibers

Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae)

• Common name: Cotton

• Part used: Leaves, roots

• Uses: Menopause symptoms, induces childbirth

• Constituents: Alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids

Sterculia L. (Malvaceae)

• Common name: Sterculia

• Part used: Barks and young fruits

• Uses: Laxative, skin diseases, wounds

• Constituents: Sterculic and malvaic acid/Flavonoids, tannins, saponins