Bible 12 Unit 4

what are the 7 major worldview questions

1. what is the most real thing

2. what is the nature of the world around us

3. what is the nature of humanity

4. how can we know anything

5. how can we know right from wrong

6. what happens after death

7. what is the point of human history

what is theism

belief in one God

what are the five parts of the unit framework

sacred texts, doctrines, key practices, holy days, significant leaders

what are the sacred texts in christianity

the old and new testaments

what is Christian doctrine

what you believe matters; orthodoxy & orthopraxy; sola fide, sola gratia, sola scriptura, sola Christus, sola deo gloria

what are key christian practices

works don’t save us but are a way of growing in faith as one lives by the spirit and becomes more like Christ (communion, serving, church, reading Bible, praying)

what are christian holy days

christmas, easter, advent, lent. celebrated either through feasting or fasting

who are significant leaders in the christian church

pastors, preachers, missionaries

what are the four historical stages of the jewish faith

1. foundational judaism (Abram to Babylonian captivity)

2. interim judaism (return from Babylonian exile to destruction of the second temple)

3. classical judaism (prominence of the pharisaical tradition)

4. modern judaism

what are a few of Maimonides’ principles of the Jewish faith

God exists, God is one and unique, God is incorporeal, God is eternal, God will reward the good and punish the bad (very pharisaical like)

what are the three main contemporary movements in judaism

1. Orthodox Judaism - most conservative, Torah came from God to Moses, Torah is true and unchanged

2. Conservative Judaism - the middle, truth of torah came from God but passed on by people, the law can change to adapt to circumstances

3. Reform Judaism - do not believe torah was written by God (human authors), don’t follow law but keep some rules/ethics

what are the different names for meeting places of worship for jews

shul - orthodox

synagogue - conservative

temple - reform

what is the jewish word for father and king

avinu malkeinu

what are two different kinds of torah

written torah and oral torah (talmud is the oral torah written down)

what is yetzer-tov and yetzer-ra

yetzer-tov is the good impulse (moral conscience) and yetzer-ra is the bad impulse (desire to satisfy ones own needs w/o considering the consequences)

what is the miracle story of Chanukah

the maccabe family fought the greeks to take the temple back. they only had enough oil to last a day but the candles stayed lit for 8 days. this is why hanukah is also called the Festival of Lights

what is Rosh Hashanah

jewish new year

what is yom kippur

day of atonement, show repentance to God, dress in white

what is purim

holiday to commemorate when the jewish people in Persia were saved (Esther)

what do jews believe about the messiah

a political leader, military leader, redeem and restore temple

what are the two different places you go to before olam ha-ba

gan eden (place of peace for the righteous) and gehinnom (punishment and purification for sinful people)

what is a mezuzah

a box placed on doorpost holding scripture that jews touch and kiss

what is tzitzit and tallit

piece of clothing to remind them of 613 commands

what is tefillin

leather pouch holding scripture worn as headpiece or strapped tightly around arm (sign of intellect)

what is a menorah

a multi branches candelabrum

what is a yarmulke

headpiece (sign of respect in prayer)

what is bar-mitzvah and bat-mitzvah

bar is for boys (13) and bat is for girls (12); coming of age party

who was Eliezer ben-yehuda

made Hebrew the official Jewish language; “making of modern Hebrew”

who was theodor herzl

turned zionism into a political project; launched zionism (establishment of a jewish homeland)

elie wiesel

wrote the book of a young boys spiritual reaction to aushwitz (survivor of the Nazi camps)

Louis Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam

black religious leader; made his own separate group after not becoming Elijah Muhammad’s successor

the muslim brotherhood

founded by Hassan al Banna in Egypt; influential terrorist Islamist movement

who is muhammad

the islamic final prophet; heard from Allah through the angel Gabriel

what are the two major divisions of Islam

sunni (largest) - first four caliphs were true successors of Muhammad

shia (second largest) - direct descendants of Muhammad should be leaders

sufi (the eccentric one)

what is the quran

the most important book in Islam; goes unquestioned; Allah speaking through Gabriel

what are the 5 pillars of Islam

1. declaration of Fatih

2. prayer

3. almsgiving

4. fasting

5. hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)

what are three muslim holidays

1. eid al-hada (celebrates Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son)

2. eid al-fitr (marks the end of ramadan)

3. ramadan (islamic holy month of fasting and prayer)

what are the three important cities of islam

1. Mecca - home of Kaaba

2. Medina - city Muhammad moved to where he is buried

3. Jerusalem - significant in modern islam hat iw

what are the two different kinds of leaders in islam

caliph - political leader

imam - religious leader

what is Andalusia

region of south Spain where there was harmony between muslims, jews, and christians; Maimonides lived here

what do muslim people believe about the creation account

Allah didn’t rest, he sits enthroned; everything is under Allah

what do islam people believe about the afterlife

paradise or hell; if you believe in Allah and do good works, you go to paradise

what is jihad

the islamic struggle. the greater struggle is the personal/internal struggle and the lesser struggle is the war against the enemy

what do muslims believe about Jesus

he was a good man, great prophet, but not the Messiah; didn’t die on the cross or atone for sin