Nutrition- Final Exam- Life Cycle table

What are important macronutrients for the female infertility age group?

Proteins and PUFA

What type of proteins are important for the female infertility age group?

Plant protein

What micro vitamins are important for the female infertility age group? What is the most important one?

Folate (Most important)

D

E

C

B6

B12

What micro minerals are imporant for the female infertility age group? What is the most importan?

Iron (most important)

Zinc

Copper

Selenium

What supplements are important for the female infertility age group?

Multivitamin

Multi mineral with folic acid

Omega 3

What is the important life style for the female infertility age group?

Healthy body weight

Don't smoke

What diet is important for the female infertility age group?

Mediterranean diet

What should the female infertility age group limit?

Caffeine

Alcohol

Cigarettes

The age group of male infertility should focus on what for their macronutrients?

Less saturated fat

Increased PUFA

Veggie protein

The age group of male infertility should increase veggie protein but with?

Amount of soy consumed

What micronutrients are important for the male infertility age group?

Vitamin C, E (antioxidants)

Carotenoids (Vitamin A)

What supplements should the male infertility age group take?

Antioxidants (vitamin A and E)

What is the serves of veggies for male infertility age group?

2-5 cups per day

What is the servings of fruit for male infertility age group?

2 cups of fruit

What is the servings of whole grains for male infertility age group?

3 servings of whole grains

What is the serving of low fat for male infertility age group?

3 servings

Male infertility age group should limit?

Caffeine

Alcohol

Cigarettes

Marijuana

There is a _________ in heart rate during pregnancy

20% increase

There is a _________ in BP during pregnancy

10% decrease

Cardiac output ______________ during pregnancy

Increases 30-50%

Hematologist volume __________ by 7 weeks of pregnancy and __________by 32 weeks

Increases 10% by 7 weeks and 50% by 32 weeks

RBC mass ___________ during pregnancy

Increases 25%

What is hemodilution during pregnancy?

Increase blood volume but not as much of an increase in RBC count

During pregnancy for respiration the ligaments become?

Looser

There is a ________ in ventilation during pregnancy. Why?

40% increase

-looser ligaments cause ribs to flare

During pregnancy, kidneys ________ to account for blood volume ________

Get bigger

Increase

What increases the size of the pelvis during pregnancy?

Progesterone

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) _________ during pregnancy

Increase 40-50%

There is _____________ sodium and fluid retention during pregnancy

Increase

What increase the risk of kidney infection during pregnancy?

Glucose loss

During early stages of pregnancy, the more nausea and vomitting means?

Better on hormone count

What increases reflux, nausea and vomititng during pregnancy?

Progesterone

In the endocrine system during pregnancy there is increased _____________

Insulin secretion and insulin resistance

What are the postural changes during pregnancy?

Change in center of gravity, forward head position

For the first half of pregnancy the protein requirement is?

The same as normal (0.8g/kg)

During the 2nd half of pregnancy (after 20 weeks) what is the protein requirement?

1.2g/kg

What is the amount of carbs required during pregnancy?

175 g

What is pre-pregnant carb requirement?

130g

What is the fiber requirement during pregnancy?

28 g

What is the non-pregnant fiber requirement?

25g

What is the important micro vitamin needed during pregnancy?

FOLATE

What does folate help with during pregnancy?

Decrease risk of premature delivery if taken before pregnancy `

What are the micro vitamins needed during pregnancy?

Folate

Vit D, B12

What is the import at micro mineral needed during pregancy?

IRON

What micro mineral is required for brain development during pregnancy?

Iodine

What are the micro minerals needed during pregnancy?

Calcium

Iron

Iodine

Sodium

Copper

What micro minerals are needed to prevent post-partum depression?

Omega 3

Iron

Zinc

Magnesium

B6

B9

B12

What supplements are required during pregnancy?

Prenatal containing folic acid and iron

What is the lifestyle that is important during pregnancy?

DONT STRESS

Limit caffeine, alcohol and watch foodborne risk

Exercise 150 min/week

Calories during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy should increase?

Go up 340 Cal/day

Calories during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy should increase?

Go up 450 Cal/day

What is common during pregnancy?

Pica

-eating non-food items

During pregnancy it is important to avoid what type of food?

High mercury fish

With a C section how much extra protein should be consumed daily? Why?

25-50 g extra a day

-helps with healing

Women who are lactating require how much protein a day?

1.1g/kg

Women who are lactating require how much carbs per day?

210 g/day

How much fiber do lactating women require?

28 g/day

What micro vitamin takes the longest to normalize for lactating women?

Folate

-takes about 6 months

What micro mineral takes the 2nd longest to normalize for lactating women?

Iron

What micro vitamins are important for lactating women?

D

Folate

B6

B12

K

Riboflavin

What microminerals are important for lactating women

Iron

Iodine

Calcium

Lactating women should do what with supplements? Additionally what?

Continue the prenatal supplements

-ALSO vitamin D if needed

-omega 3 if not eating fish

What are things that increase milk production?

Glactogogues

Lactating women should limit and increase?

Limit caffeine and alcohol

Increase galactogogues

Lactating women for 0-6 months should consume how many extra calories?

Extra 330 Cal/day

Lactating women past 6 months should consume how many extra calories?

Extra 400 Cal/day

During infancy the protein for the first 0-6 months should be?

1.5g/kg

During infancy the protein for 6-12 months should be?

1.2g/kg

What vitamins are important during infancy?

Vitamin D, K

B12 if mom is vegan

What vitamin is important during infancy if the mom is vegan?

B12

What is the big mineral needed during infancy?

Iron

What minerals are important during infancy

Iron

Iodine

Supplements of_______are only needed during infancy if breastfed cause its added to formula

Vitamin D

Supplements during infancy?

D and iron

RDA of iron for term infants ages 0-6 months?

.27 mg/day

RDA of iron for term infants ages 6-12 months

11 mg/day

Delayed cord clamping gives how much iron?

1.25 months worth of iron

There is ________ iron absorption from breast milk however there is _________availability

50%

Low availability

Why is there a higher iron absorption in breast milk than formula?

Breast milk is heme iron

There is________ absorption of iron from formula however there is ________ available

12%

More available

RDA of iron for 1-3 yr

7mg/day

Iron for full term complete or partially breastfed infants should be supplemented at ___________ of age for _______________per day

4 months

1 mg/kg/day

Iron for premature complete or partially breastfed infants should be supplemented at ____________ of age and _______________per day

1 month

2 mg/kg/day

Infants should avoid?

Honey and corn syrup

Limit juice

What type of grape juice is easier on an infant stomach

White grape juice

0-6 months of age, infants should get?

Breast milk or formula added Vitamin D, iron

6-8 months of age infants should get introduced to?

Iron containing foods

Puréed veggies and fruits

Cooked eggs

What are some iron containing food that 6-8 month old infants should get?

Fortified cereals, puréed meats, beans

For veggies and fruits for 6-8 month olds it is important to?

Go greens first cause they don't tase good

8-10 months infants should get introduced to?

Cow milk products but not full blown cow milk

Grain products

Veggies

Fruits in varies textures

Legumes

Hard cheese

10-12 months infants should get introduced to?

Finger foods

Chopped fruits and veggies

Sippy cup (only for hand eye coordination)

New foods should be introduced how? Why?

3-5 day intervals to watch for allergies

In younger children some important feeding behaviors and things to impact dietary intake are?

Socioeconomic status

Media influence

Parental influence

Cultural influence

Obesogenic environment

No trying new foods often leads to?

Increased likelihood of constipation

Protein for 1-3 yr old?

1.05g/kg

Protein for 4-8 yr old

0.95 g/kg

Protein for 9-13 yr old

0.95 g/kg

Carbs for younger children

45-65% of total energy

Fats for younger children

30% of total energy

What vitamin is important for younger children, why?

Vitamin D

Bone growth