AP.GOV test ch12&13 THURS #2

Checks on Rulemaking of Congress and the Judicial

Branch

Congress: can check by power of purse aka not providing funding needed, or amend the law so it doesn't relate

Judicial Branch: can specify law; judicial review

Delegated Discretionary Authority

decision making power assigned to LOWER level officials or agencies; lets them use THEIR judgement using established laws and policies

Powers of Congressional Hearings (investigations)

legislative branch can investigate powers: can hold investigations on:

Bureaucracy

Private businesses

The prez, etc.

This can act as a check on different branch

Iron Triangle

framework states that:

1. Congress/ legislators

2. agencies & departments

3. Interests groups/ lobbyists

ALL work TOGETHER to make or continue a policy that interests them

How does each group help each other in "Iron Triangle"

Congress gives funding and political support to Bureaucracy gives low regulations and special favors to Interest Groups give electoral support to Congress

Congress gives friendly legislation and oversight to Interest Groups gives congressional support via lobby to Bureaucracy gives policy choices and execution to Congress

President's relationship with Cabinet Officials

they are directly accountable to prez; ex. State, treasury, etc.; "Line organization"; prez picks heads with senate hearing and confirmation

Differences in appointment of Executive Offices/White House Office

only the president picks them (like the cook or something)

Differences in appointment of Independent Agencies

independent from prez; heads appointed by prez WITH Senate confirmation

Differences in appointment of Cabinet Departments

prez picks heads with senate hearing and confirmation

Federalist 70 who wrote it? which branch is it about?

Alexander Hamilton; executive branch

What does Federalist 70 say the president needs to have? does it speak positively of the branch?

It says the president needs energy and vigor; yes it speaks positively

Federalist 70 what does it say about unity; what does it compare the branch to?

It says it is better the executive branch is run by 1 person, quick precise decisions; it compares it to the Roman Empire