Chem: Gas Laws

5 Postulates of an ideal gas

1. Gases are particles that are in constant motion

2. Gases are mostly empty space

3. Particles expert pressure when colliding with the container

4. Particles don’t interact with each other

5. Molecular speed is based on temperature

Avogadro’s Hypothesis

If two different gases were under the same conditions of temp, volume, and pressure they would have the same number of molecules

Boyle’s Law relationship

When temp is constant, as pressure increases volume decreases

Charles’ Law relationship

When pressure is constant, as temp increases volume increases

Gay-Lussac’s Law relationship

When volume is constant, as temp increases pressure increases

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Explains the motion and characteristics of gases

Ideal Gases

Assumptions made on how gases interact

Pressure

Force exerted per area. The amount of collisions per gas and its container

Pressure is measured in what?

kPa (Kilopascal) or atm (atmospheres)

Volume

The amount of space that matter occupies. How much area the gas covers.

Gas has no _____ shape/volume. Its volume depends on the object it’s _______.

definite, filling

Temperature

The average kinetic energy of a substance

Kinetic Energy

Energy from motion, how fast an atom is vibrating or moving

Moles

A measurement of the number of particles of a substance there are (6.022×1023)

STP

Standard Temperature and Pressure. When we measure gases STP means 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atm pressure.

STP of the volume of all ideal gases

22.4 L

Combined Gas Law equation

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

R of PV = nRT

The gas constant (.08206 Lxatm/molxk)

Ideal Gas Law equation

PV = nRT