NS2-M3C3 - Earth's Oceanographic History

1 Scientists believe our solar system started as a __________

A black hole

B meteor 1/16th the size of earth

C burning star

D large cloud of gas and dust

D large cloud of gas and dust

2 A cluster of material compacted under increasing pressures and evolved into Earth.

Increased pressure = __________

A decreased heat

B decreased weight

C increased heat

D increased weight

C increased heat

3 Which of the following has Earth developed after millions of years? (Input all that apply, then push the ENTER button.)

A cooler solid in between the core and shell

B heavier metals in the shell

C hotter, lighter shell

D hot center core

D hot center core

4 What volcano erupted on Martinique in 1902, killing approximately 30,000 people within seconds?

A Mount St. Helen's

B Mount Vesuvius

C Mount Pelee

C Mount Pelee

5 The application of the sciences to the phenomena of the oceans, including study of their forms, physical, chemical and biological features

A Oceanography

B Geohydrology

C Cosmology

D Hydrogeology

A Oceanography

6 The region below the lithosphere, variously estimates as being from fifty to several hundred miles (eighty-five to several hundred kilometers) thick, in which the rock is less rigid than that above and below but rigid enough to transmit transverse seismic waves

A Continental Crust

B Fault Lines

C Asthenosphere

D Mesosphere

C Asthenosphere

7 Molten rock that reaches the Earth's surface through a volcano or fissure; The rock formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten rock

A Silt

B Lava

C Bedrock

D Ashes

B Lava

8 The textbook gives four primary reasons that closer attention is now being given to the oceans by nearly all nations. Which one of the following is NOT one of the four reasons?

A Social

B Religious

C Political

D Economic

B Religious

9 Where do most of the volcanic eruptions occur on the Earth's surface?

A On the floor of the world's oceans.

B On the margins of the major plates of the lithosphere.

C On the margins of the minor plates of the mantle.

D On the margins of the major plates of the mantle.

E On the margins of the minor plates of the lithosphere.

B On the margins of the major plates of the lithosphere.

10 How many years ago do cosmologists currently believe that our solar system began?

A 4.5 billion

B 4.5 million

C 45 million

D 45 billion

A 4.5 billion

11 The Earth's lithosphere is divided into ______ major plates and about ______ smaller ones.

A Six, Ten

B Ten, Six

C Twelve, Six

D Eight, Seven

E Six, Twelve

E Six, Twelve

12 What is the name of the dense layer of rock approximately 1,800 miles thick which surrounds the molten outer core of the Earth?

A The Plates

B The Lithosphere

C The Magma

D The Mantle

D The Mantle

13 What force broke up water molecules into separate atoms of hydrogen and oxygen in the Earth's early atmosphere?

A Radiation from the Sun.

B Radiation from within the Earth.

C The gravitational pull of the Earth.

D The vacuum of space.

A Radiation from the Sun.

14 What is the asthenosphere?

A The solid inner core of the Earth.

B The Earth's rigid outer crust.

C The molten outer core surrounding the Earth's nickel and iron inner core.

D The uppermost layer of the Earth's mantle.

D The uppermost layer of the Earth's mantle.

15 A SEISMOGRAPH is

A an apparatus used to measure and record air movement over the oceans

B an apparatus that can forecast Earth movement

C an apparatus used to measure and record earthquakes in the Earth

D an apparatus used to measure and record water movement in the oceans

C an apparatus used to measure and record earthquakes in the Earth

16 The Earth's Mantle is

A a dirt covering.

B the layer of the earth's interior between the crust and the core.

C the earth's magnetic field.

D the earth's shadow in space.

B the layer of the earth's interior between the crust and the core.

17 A TSUNAMI is

A a great sea wave produced by Earth movement.

B a great sea wave that is produced by high winds.

C earth movement that is caused by winds.

A a great sea wave produced by Earth movement.

18 Scientists have divided the Earth into four shells or layers. From the center of the planet out to the surface, what are the names of the layers?

A Crust, mantle, outer core and inner core

B Outer core, inner core, mantle and crust

C Outer core, lithosphere, core and crust

D Inner core, outer core, mantle and crust

D Inner core, outer core, mantle and crust

19 The movement of the Earth's land masses is known as the theory of

A continental divide

B continental shelf

C continental shift

D continental drift

D continental drift

20 Poisonous ammonia and methane gases in the Earth's atmosphere were dissipated by

A the sun

B the coriolis effect

C gravity

D all of the above

E none of the above

A the sun