Cambridge IELTS 20 - Reading Test 1 Vocabulary

Vocabulary list covering conservation terms, plant diseases, and the psychological effects of stress from the Cambridge IELTS 20 Reading Test 1 transcript.

kãkãpo

A flightless bird species mentioned in the context of nesting females and conservation efforts.

Nesting female

A female animal or bird that is in the process of building or occupying a nest for its offspring.

Feral

Describing an animal that has returned to a wild state after being domestic.

Population size

The total number of individuals of a particular species in a specific area.

Critically endangered

A species that is at an extremely high risk of becoming extinct in the wild.

Nocturnal

Animals that are active primarily during the night.

Flightless

Describing a bird or insect that is unable to fly.

Solitary

Living or spent alone; not belonging to a social group.

Forage

To search widely for food or provisions.

Incubation

The process by which certain animals hatch their eggs by keeping them warm.

Conservationist

A person who acts for the protection and preservation of the environment and wildlife.

Relocate

To move something or someone to a new place or habitat.

Expedition

A journey undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, such as scientific research.

Predator-free

An environment where there are no animals that hunt or prey on other species.

Offset

To counteract something by having an opposing force or effect; to compensate for.

Mortality

The state of being subject to death, or the death rate within a population.

Eradicate

The act of destroying or getting rid of something completely.

Hand-raising

The process of humans caring for and feeding young animals that have been rescued.

Genetic diversity

The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

Supplementary feeding

The act of providing additional food to animals to aid their survival.

Cautious optimism

A feeling of hope while remaining aware of potential problems or failure.

Arise from

To occur or result from a particular source or cause.

Reintroduce

To release plants or animals back into an area where they used to live.

Bring into

To introduce a new element, such as an idea or discussion, into a situation.

Escape

To break free from confinement or control.

Vulnerable

Susceptible to physical or emotional attack or being in a position of risk.

Visible

Able to be seen.

Flourish

To grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way.

Insects carrying disease

Small organisms that transmit pathogens or illnesses to crops or other animals.

Prominent

Important or famous; standing out so as to be easily seen.

Dutch elm disease

A fungal disease that has killed thousands of elm trees.

Epidemic

A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.

Infected

Affected with a disease-causing organism.

Mature

Fully developed physically or having reached childhood’s end.

Vascular system

The system in a plant that transports water and nutrients through its tissues.

Susceptible

Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.

Resistant

Offering opposition to or being unaffected by something, such as a disease.

Hybrid strain

A variety of an organism produced by breeding two different types.

Advocate

A person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy.

Social acceptance

The degree to which a behavior or practice is approved by society.

Raise questions

To cause doubt or to point out issues that need to be discussed.

Acknowledge

To accept or admit the existence or truth of something.

Wary

Feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.

Horticultural analogue

A plant or method in gardening that is equivalent or comparable to another.

Cloning

The process of creating a genetically identical copy of a biological entity.

widely held assumption

A belief or premise that is accepted as true by many people.

Stress levels

The amount of mental or emotional pressure an individual is experiencing.

Handle stress

To manage or deal with difficult situations and mental strain effectively.

public service profession

An occupation that provides a necessary service to the public, such as nursing or education.

well-suited

Having the right qualities for a particular person, purpose, or situation.

Justify

To show or prove to be right or reasonable.

set out objectives

To establish specific goals or targets to be achieved.

Methodology

A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

Mechanism

A natural or established process by which something takes place or is brought about.

level of anxiety

The degree of nervousness or worry felt by an individual.

heightened sensitivity

An increased responsiveness to physical or emotional stimuli.

External threats

Dangers that come from outside an organism or organization.

a sense of danger

A perception or feeling that something harmful is likely to happen.

Cortisol levels

The measure of the hormone cortisol in the body, which increases in response to stress.

Stressful public event

An occurrence involving the community that causes mental or emotional strain.

Take the information in

To absorb, process, and understand new knowledge or facts.

Physiological change

A physical change in the body's systems, such as heart rate or hormone production.

Hyper-vigilant

Extremely alert and watchful for potential danger.

Electronic media devices

Tools such as smartphones, tablets, or computers used for communication and entertainment.

Trigger

To cause a reaction or an event to happen.

Optimistic

Hopeful and confident about the future or the success of something.

Take little notice of

To pay almost no attention to something.

Alter beliefs

To change what one accepts as true or real.

Weigh up information

To carefully consider and evaluate facts before making a decision.

Take unnecessary precautions

To take safety measures that are not truly needed for the situation.

Exaggerate

To represent something as being larger, better, or worse than it really is.

Collective fear

A shared feeling of anxiety or dread within a group or community.

Contagious

Capable of being spread from one person or organism to another.

Conscientious

Wishing to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.