Prosection -- Trigeminal nerve (Ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular division) a

These flashcards cover essential anatomical features and functions related to the head and neck as discussed in the lectures.

What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve called?

• Ophthalmic divisions

• Maxillary division

• Mandibular

What are the main branches of the ophthalmic division of the Trigeminal nerve?

• Frontal nerve

• Zygomaticotemporal nerve

What branch arises from the frontal nerve? What does that innervate?

Supraorbital nerve (Herbivores only)

• Sensory innervation to the skin of dorsal head

What branch arises from the zygomaticotemporal nerve?

Cornual nerve

• Clinical important in cattle and sheep → Sensory innervation to the horn

Identify the maxillary branches of trigeminal nerve

This station shows nerve branches of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. What type of nerve fibres does the maxillary division contain?

Sensory only

What are the major branches of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve? What do they supply?

• Maxillary alveolar nerve

  • Sensory innervation to the upper teeth

• Infraorbital nerve

  • Sensory to upper muzzle (Upper lip, vibrissae, nostrils and skin to midline)

• Palatine nerve

  • Sensory to hard palate and soft palate

What branches does the maxillary alveolar nerve give off while passing through the infraorbital canal?

• The maxillary (superior) alveolar nerve gives off infraorbital nerve while passing through the infraorbital canal

Identify the mandibular branches of trigeminal nerve

Identify ALL the major branches of the mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve

• Buccinator nerve

• Inferior alveolar nerve

• Mental nerve

• Mylohyoid nerve

• Lingual nerve

• Sublingual nerve

• Auriculotemporal nerve

What does the buccinator nerve innervate?

Sensory innervation to the cheek (The skin of cheek and the mucosal surface inside the cheek)

What does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate?

Sensory innervation to lower cheek teeth

What does the mental nerve innervate?

Sensory innervation to the lower lip, chin and vibrissae

What does the mylohyoid nerve innervate?

• Motor innervation to mylohoideus and rostral part of the digastricus

• Sensory innervation to the chin

What does the lingual nerve innervate?

Sensory innervation to the 2/3 of the tongue

What are the major branches of the Facial nerve (CN VII)?

• Dorsal buccal nerve

• Ventral buccal nerve

• Auriculopalpebral nerve

  • Palpebral nerves

  • Rostral auricular nerve

  • Caudal auricular nerve

  • Internal auricular nerve

• Deep facial nerve

What do the Dorsal buccal nerve and Ventral buccal nerve BOTH innervate?

• Orbicularis oris

• Platysma

Which branch of facial nerve supply MOTOR innervation to buccinator ?

Only dorsal buccal nerve

What does the Auriculopalpebral nerve innervate?

• Zygomaticus

• Parotidoauricular muscles

What do the Palpebral nerves innervate?

Motor innervation to eyelid muscles, except the Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (which is innervated by oculomotor nerve).

What does the Rostral auricular nerve innervate?

Motor innervation to rostral ear muscles, such as the Frontoscutularis muscle

What does the Caudal auricular nerve innervate?

Motor innervation to caudal ear muscles

Which branch of the facial nerve provides the only sensory innervation?

Internal auricular nerve

• Sensory innervation to the inner surface of the pinna (ear)

What are the structures found in carotid sheath?

• Vagosympathetic trunk

• Internal jugular vein

• Common carotid artery

Identify the structures within the carotid sheath and the structures adjacent to it.

Identify the structures within the carotid sheath and the structures adjacent to it.

Identify the structures that branch off from the common carotid artery.

Identify the lymph nodes in the head region.

How many mandibular lymph nodes usually in an animal?

Two (One either side of the facial vein)

What territory does retropharyngeal lymph node drain?

All of the head