Understanding public good

not a public good

Any sort of paywall that can limit people from accessing resources

public good

services or commodities that is available to everyone to use without exclusivity

non excludability

impossible to prevent people from using goods or services, even if they have not paid for it

Barriers that reduce non excludability

• paywalls and subscriptions

• poor internet access

• language

• data cost

• algorithm echo chambers

Misinformation

• Info that is false but the person who is spreading it believes that it is true

• false connection

• misleading context

Disinformation

• Info that is false but the person who is spreading it knows it is false

• false context

• imposter context

• manipulated or fabricated content

Mal information

• Information that is based on reality but used to inflict harm on a person or organization

• some leaks, harassment, hate speech

propoganda

• the systematic spreading of information, especially in a biased or misleading way, in order to promote a political cause or point of view

how to check if a news is fake

1. Visual assessment - by the look of it can you tell its fake?

2. Identify the outlet - do you recognize it?

3. Check the domain

4. Check the about section/ find other articles abt the website

5. typos and punctuations

6. cross check sources and quotation

7. fact checkers

8. find other sources