history exam

ww2, rights and freedoms and migration

rise of hitler

germany was struggling after ww1 and the Great Depression, hitler promised jobs, and economic recovery, which garnered him widespread support and ultimately led to his rise to power, becoming chancellor in 1933.

nazi germany

refers to the totalitarian regime established in Germany from 1933 to 1945 under Adolf Hitler, characterized by its fascist policies, aggressive expansionism, and the implementation of the Holocaust. Extreme nationalism and racism.

australia’s involvement in ww2

Australia entered World War II on 3 September 1939 after Britain declared war on Germany. Australia fought alongside Britain and later the US, Australians fought in Europe, North Africa and the pacific. Australian soldiers played an important role in the battle of ww2.

australia vs japan

Japan entered the war in 1941. after fall of singapore australia faced direct threat. Australia and US worked together to stop the Japanese advances.

kokoda campaign

Kokoda Campaign (1942) was a series of battles fought between Australian and Japanese forces along the Kokoda Track in Papua New Guinea. It was significant because Australian soldiers stopped the Japanese advance towards Port Moresby, helping to protect Australia from a possible attack.

australian homefront

Food and fuel rationing, Air raid drills, Increased factory production, Men enlisted changed family life, Increase of women in work fields

women at war

-              Nurses

-              Women auxiliary Australian air force

-              Australian women’s army service

women at home

-              Factory workers

-              Farmers

-              Office workers

Atomic bombs in Japan:

the atomic bombs dropped on Japanese cities on august 6th 1954 in Hiroshima and on august 6th 1954 in Nagasaki both dropped by the us in attempt for them to stop in ww2.

short term and long term effects of atomic bombs

Short term effects:

-              Massive

-              Thousands killed instantly

Long term effects:

-              Radiation sickness

-              Increased cancer rates

-              Environmental damage

human rights

basic rights and freedoms that belong to all people

Australian freedom riders

were a group of university students led by Charles Perkins who travelled through rural New South Wales in 1965 to expose racism and discrimination against Aboriginal Australians.

wave hill walk off

was a indigenous workers protested poor pay and conditions it was led by Vincent lingiari in 1966 it became important in land rights movement.

1967 referendum

 

federal government gained power to make laws for indigenous Australians and over 90% voted yes to Indigenous Australians included in the census

tent embassy

(1972) Protest established in Canberra Demanding indigenous land rights and equality

Eddie Mabo decision

Mabo Decision was a landmark ruling by the High Court of Australia in 1992. It recognised that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples had owned and occupied Australia before British settlement, overturning the legal concept of terra nullius ("land belonging to no one").

native title act

1993 recognised the land rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and allowed them to make legal claims to traditional lands.

Redfern park speech

(1992) was delivered by Prime Minister Paul Keating and acknowledged the injustices experienced by Indigenous Australians.

the apology

-              Delivered by Kevin Rudd

-              Apologised to the stolen generations

reconciliation

the process of improving relationships between indigenous and non indigenous Australians

migrants

a person who moves from one country to another

refugee

someone forces to leave the country due to war persution or danger.

asylum seeker

someone seeking protection in another country while their refugee claim is accessed.

push factors -reasons people leave a country

-              War

-              Poverty

-              Natural disasters

pull factors - reasons people move to a country

-              Safety

-              Jobs

-              Education

ww2 immigration goals

-              increase Australia’s population

-              Strengthen national security

-              Fill labour shortages

populate or perish

-              Introduced after WW2

-              Encouraged immigration to increase population

White Australia policy:

was a series of Australian government laws and policies introduced in 1901 that aimed to limit non-European immigration and keep Australia predominantly white.

vietnam war refugees

-              Many Vietnamese refugees arrived after the Vietnam war

-              Often called “boat people” because they arrived by sea

Malaysia solution

-              Proposed processing asylum seekers in Malaysia.

-              Ruled invalid by the High Court.

Operation Sovereign Borders

an Australian government policy introduced in 2013 to stop asylum seekers from arriving in Australia by boat without a visa.

Modern Australian Migration Policy

focuses on skilled migration, family reunification, humanitarian programs, and multiculturalism. Unlike the White Australia Policy, it does not discriminate based on race or ethnicity and encourages people from diverse backgrounds to migrate to Australia.

ww2

1939-1945

Tent Embassy

1972

Native Title Act

1993

National Apology

2008

universal declaration of human rights

•– The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a landmark document adopted by the United Nations on 10th December, 1948. It sets out the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, regardless of nationality, race, religion, gender or status.