Blood Donation, Collection, and Processing Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering donor selection, deferrals, blood collection methods, preservative solutions, component processing, and labeling.

Allogeneic Donation

A blood donation collected for transfusion into the general patient population or an unspecified recipient.

Autologous Donation

A blood donation collected from a donor exclusively for their own future personal use.

Confidential Unit Exclusion (CUE)

A confidential process allowing a donor to indicate during or after donation whether their blood is safe for transfusion.

Indefinite or Permanent Deferral

A restriction preventing an individual from donating blood indefinitely or permanently due to factors like viral hepatitis after age 11, positive HBsAg, evidence of HCV/HIV/HTLV, Chagas disease, babesiosis, family history of CJD, or nonprescription needle drug use.

Temporary Deferral

A period during which an individual is restricted from donating blood for a specific duration (e.g., 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, or 12 months) due to factors such as live vaccines, pregnancy, tattoos, or exposure risks.

Preoperative Autologous Donation

An autologous donation where blood is drawn and stored prior to surgery, requiring donor hemoglobin of at least $11\,\text{g/dL}$ and hematocrit of at least $33\%$, allowed up to 72 hours before surgery.

Normovolemic Autologous Donation

An autologous transfusion method where units of blood are removed at the beginning of surgery and reinfused at the end of surgery.

Blood Recovery

An autologous collection technique utilizing a medical device to wash, filter, and concentrate blood lost during an operation for reinfusion into the patient.

Directed Donation

A blood donation collected under standard allogeneic donor criteria but directed specifically toward a designated recipient.

Therapeutic Phlebotomy

A physician-prescribed blood draw performed to treat an underlying medical condition, such as polycythemia, which specifies blood volume, frequency, and postdonation target hematocrit.

Apheresis Collection

A procedure using centrifugal force based on component density to collect a specific blood component while returning remaining blood components to the donor.

Leukapheresis

An apheresis collection procedure specifically designed to remove white blood cells from whole blood.

Plateletpheresis

An apheresis procedure to collect platelets, requiring a donor platelet count of at least $150,000/\mu\text{L}$, performed at least 48 hours apart and no more than twice per week.

Plasmapheresis

An apheresis procedure to collect plasma, categorized as infrequent (max once every 4 weeks) or frequent (requires IgG and IgM level monitoring every 4 months).

Red Cell Apheresis

The apheresis collection of two units of RBCs from a qualified donor, which results in a 16-week (112-day) post-donation deferral interval.

ISBT 128

An international standardized system for barcoding, naming, and identifying blood components to ensure worldwide consistency across blood centers.

Lesion of Storage

The biochemical changes occurring in stored red blood cells over time, including decreased pH, decreased glucose consumption, lactic acid buildup, decreased ATP, and a shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve.

Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose (CPD)

An approved anticoagulant preservative solution offering a 21-day storage shelf life that preserves 2,3-DPG (2,3-diphosphoglycerate) for optimal oxygen exchange.

CPDA-1

An anticoagulant preservative solution containing adenine that helps maintain ATP levels, extending whole blood and RBC shelf life to 35 days.

Additive Solutions (AS-1, AS-5)

Preservative solutions (such as ADSOL or OPTISOL) added to RBCs from a satellite bag after plasma removal, extending red cell shelf life to 42 days.

Leukocyte Reduction

A process removing white blood cells from blood products to reduce recurrent febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions and HLA alloimmunization without preventing GVHD.

Irradiation (Blood Components)

Exposing cellular blood components to gamma irradiation (standard dose $2500\,\text{cGy}$) to prevent T-lymphocyte proliferation, thereby preventing Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD).

Rad-Sure Tag

A radiochromic indicator strip attached to a blood bag prior to irradiation that turns black when the standard gamma irradiation dose ($2500\,\text{cGy}$) has been met.

Washed Blood Products

Components washed with $0.9\%$ Sodium Chloride to remove plasma proteins and antibodies, reducing shelf life to 24 hours at $1\text{--}6^\circ\text{C}$ or 4 hours at $20\text{--}24^\circ\text{C}$.

Look Back Process

A required protocol initiated when a donor tests positive for an infection (e.g., HIV, HBV, HCV, HTLV, WNV), involving inventory quarantine, facility notifications, and tracing of prior donations.