Unit 3 Post Exam Questions

Which of the following structures is part of the lymphatic system?

Spleen

Which of the following conditions is not considered an accessory organ for digestion?

spleen

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where are the kidneys located?

Retroperitoneal

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where are the male reproductive organs located?

Infraperitoneal

Which of the following abdominal quadrant would contain the right colic (hepatic) flexure?

Right upper quadrant

Which pathology term is associated with free air or gas in the peritoneal cavity?

Pneumoperitoneum

The prominent protuberance found on the anterior aspect of the ilium is the:

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Which pathology term is associated with telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop of bowel?

Intussusception

Which aspect of the small intestine is considered the shortest?

Duodenum

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the gallbladder located?

Intraperitoneal

Motion of the patients diaphragm can be stopped by providing proper breathing instructions.

True

Of the following projections, which one will BEST demonstrate intraperitoneal free air?

left lateral decubitus

Which of the following muscles must be demonstrated on a well-exposed abdomen projection?

Psoas major

The greater momentum extends from the transverse colon to the:

greater curvature of the stomach

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the jejunum located?

Intraperitoneal

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the ascending and descending colon located?

Retroperitoneal

The technologist must ____ manual exposure factors for a patient with severe ascites.

increase

Why is the right kidney usually lower in the abdomen than the left kidney?

Presence of the liver

Situation: A patient enters the ER with a possible ascites. The patient is ambulatory. Which of the following projections of the abdomen will best demonstrate this condition?

Acute Abdominal Series / AP Erect?

Why is the left lateral decubitus preferred over the right lateral decubitus abdomen for an acute abdomen series?

Any intraperitoneal air will be visualized along the lower liver margin

What type of respiration should be employed for AP supine abdominal radiography?

Expiration

Situation: A radiograph of an AP abdomen reveal that the obturator foramina are cut off from the bottom of the image. The kidneys and symphysis pubis are demonstrated. What centering adjustments should the technologist make to improve this image?

This radiograph is correctly centered. No centering adjustments are needed.

Which pathology term is associated with abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity?

Ascites

Which of the following solid organs is the largest found in the abdomen?

Liver

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where are the major abdominal blood vessels (abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava) located?

Retroperitoneal

According to the text, which of the following kVs fall within the appropriate range recommended for an AP abdomen on an adult for digital systems?

75

Which region of the peritoneum is the pancreas located?

Retroperitoneum

What is the best method to control involuntary motion during abdominal radiography?

short exposure time

The iliac crest corresponds with the ___ vertebral level.

L4-5

Situation: A 16-yr old female pt enters the ER with a possible kidney stone. She complains of pain in the right lower pelvis region. Which of the following options should be taken in regard to gonadal shielding?

Ask the patient of her parents for their permission to not shield the gonads. / Do not use it?

Situation: A radiograph of an AP abdomen demonstrates elongation of the left iliac wing and narrowing of the right iliac wing. Which one of the following positioning errors produced this radiograph outcome?

Rotation to the left (LPO)

Which of the following is not considered a topographic landmark for abdomen positioning?

Obturator foramina

In which of the four major quadrants of the abdomen would the gallbladder be found?

Right upper quadrant

Gonadal shielding can be used for a KUB abdomen projection on a young teenage female with a clinical history of urinary stones

false

Why is the PA projection of the abdomen less desirable for a KUB than the AP projection?

Kidneys are farther from the image receptor with PA projection

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the liver located?

Intraperitoneal

In which of the four major quadrants of the abdomen would the cecum be found?

Right lower quadrant

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the spleen located?

Intraperitoneal

At what level should the CR be placed for a left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen?

2 inches above iliac crest

Where must the CR be centered for an AP erect projection of the abdomen if a PA chest is included in the acute abdominal series?

2 inches above iliac crest

What is the name of the double walled tissue that lines the abdominopelvic cavity?

Peritoneum

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the urinary bladder located?

Infraperitoneal

Situation: A 3 yr old patient comes to radiology for an abdominal study. Even with careful instructions and immobilization, the patient is having difficulty holding still. Which of the following should be done to minimize motion on the radiograph?

Use a shorter exposure time

To ensure that the inferior margin of the abdomen is included on a KUB radiograph, the technologist should palpate the:

greater trochanter or symphysis pubis

Situation: A dorsal decubitus abdomen is ordered on a patient. the patient is placed on his back on a cart. The CR will enter the left side of the patient with the patients right side against the image receptor. What type of marker should be used?

Right and decubitus markers

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the sigmoid colon located?

Intraperitoneal

Situation: A patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of a possible abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following abdominal projections would best demonstrate this condition?

Dorsal decubitus

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where are the ureters located?

Retroperitoneal

According to the textbook, which of the following imaging modalities often requires the use of intravenous contrast media to discriminate between cysts and neoplasm for studies of the abdomen?

CT

Situation: A patient is in the ICU after abdominal surgery. The surgeon is concerned about possible perforated bowel. The patient cannot sit or stand. Which of the following positions will best demonstrate any possible intraperitoneal free air?

Left lateral decubitus

In relation to the peritoneal cavity where is the transverse colon located?

Intraperitoneal

Which pathology term is associated with a twisting of a loop of bowel creating an obstruction?

Volvulus

What CR centering should be used for a dorsal decubitus projection of the abdomen to include the diaphragm?

2 inches above iliac crest

Which aspect of the large intestine is found between the left and right colic flexures?

Transverse colon

Which pathology is associated with chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall that may result in bowel obstruction most often in small bowel?

Chron’s disease